普洱市现代茶园与古茶园土壤养分状况分析

通过对云南省普洱市代表性茶园34个土壤样本的调查取样与室内分析,比较古茶园与现代茶园土壤养分含量状况之间的差异。结果表明:现代茶园和古茶园有机质含量的平均值分别为22.52 g/kg和23.92 g/kg。古茶园全钾含量平均值为9.14 g/kg,显著高于现代茶园土壤全钾含量的平均值5.57 g/kg。古茶园有效钙含量均值492.16 mg/kg显著低于现代茶园的平均值1040.33 mg/kg。4.35%的现代茶园有效锌含量处于缺乏状态,8.70%的现代茶园有效锰含量处于缺乏状态。古茶园的有机质、全氮、全钾、交换性镁、有效铜、有效锰含量均大于现代茶园,碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、交换性钙、有效锌、有效铁均小于现代茶园,表现为古茶园土壤养分具有更强的自我维持能力,现代茶园的土壤养分管理更利于高产,并据此提出了该地区高产、优质茶园建设的若干建议。

Research and Analysis of Soil Nutrients Status of the Modern Tea Gardens and Ancient Tea Gardens in Pu'er City

Through sampling and survey of 34 tea garden soils in Pu'er City, Yunnan Province, the difference of soil nutrient contents between the ancient tea garden and the modern tea garden was compared. The results showed that the soil organic matter average contents of the modern tea garden and old tea garden were 22.52 and 23.92 g/kg, respectively. The total potassium average content of ancient tea garden (9.14 g/kg) was higher than that of modern tea gardens (5.57 g/kg), exchangeable calcium of ancient tea garden (492.16 mg/kg) lower than that of modern tea garden (1 040.33 mg/kg). Only 4.35% modern tea garden was in the lack of available zinc and 8.70% in the lack of available manganese. The average contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, exchangeable magnesium, available copper, available manganese of ancient tea garden were higher than those of modern tea gardens, and the average contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, available zinc, available iron were lower than those of modern tea garden. It is indicated that the old tea garden soil has higher self-sustaining capability, the modern tea garden' nutrient management is more suitable for high production, some suggestions about the construction of no-harm tea garden in this area is put forward.