秸秆深还开沟合垄施肥机设计与试验

机械化秸秆深埋还田集秸秆深埋、化肥深施技术于一体,对构建土壤水库、肥库、碳库和提高玉米产量具有重要作用,为彻底解决玉米秸秆焚烧造成的环境污染提供了重要的技术支撑。为此,对深耕合垄施肥机进行了设计和试验。该机可实现深开沟、化肥深施及起垄整垄联合作业,配合玉米联合收获机作业可实现秸秆深埋还田。田间试验结果表明:该机开沟参数和起垄参数符合秸秆深埋还田农艺要求;当开沟深度在30~40cm时,该机作业阻力在25~30k N变化,还应进一步优化工作部件结构以减小作业阻力。种植试验结果表明:机械化秸秆深埋还田种植玉米每公顷增产率为10.59%,增产效果显著。

Design and Experiment on Fertilizing Machine Combined with Deep Tilling and Ridging

The technology of returning straw into deep soil using machinery can realize straw burying and fertilizer place-ment deeply.It has important role in constructing water, fertilizer and carbon reservoir in soil.And also can improve maize production yield.The technology provided vital technical support for get rid of environmental pollution caused by burying maize straw.In this study, a fertilizer machine combined with deep tilling and ridging was designed and tested. The combined work of deep ditching, fertilizing, and ridge making can be completed using the machine.The work of burying straw into deep soil can be done cooperated with maize harvester.Field test showed that ditching and ridging pa-rameters meet the agronomic requirements.When ditching depth changes from 30cm to 40cm, the machine’ s work re-sistance varies from 25kN to 30kN.The work resistance should be cut down by optimizing the machine structure.Plant-ing test shows that the maize yield increase 10 .59%per hectare by planting maize in the soil of buried straw and fertiliz-er .