小麦品系绵阳97-392的组织培养再生植株的遗传变异

为研究组织培养中的再生植株的遗传变异 ,使用小麦品种绵阳 97- 392的幼穗作为外植体 ,进行组织培养 ,获得了 2 3个自交结实的再生植株 ,在田间种植为株系。其中 2个株系证明发生了叶片和种皮颜色的遗传变异 ,遗传分析证明它们是单基因隐性突变。没有观察到抗病性的突变。分析了这些株系的单株穗数 ,株高 ,穗长 ,穗粒数 ,千粒重数量特性 ,在一些株系中也观察到数量性状的明显的变异。这些数量变异在T2代中除表现为平均数的显著差异外 ,也表现为群体内植株之间的差异。这种群体内的植株间的差异揭示了数量性状变异的继续分离。本文讨论了通过组织培养产生数量性状变异作为小麦育种资源的可能的作用 ,以及组织培养中的遗传变异对转基因研究的干扰问题。

Genetic Variability of Regenerated Plants Originated from Tissue Culture of Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Line MY97-392

In order to investigate the genetic variability of regenerated plants in tissue culture, 23 plant lines that originated from inflorescence culture of a wheat variety MY97-392, were analyzed for several quality and quantitative traits. The color variation of leaf and seed capsule was observed in two lines. Segregative ratio indicates that they are controlled by two recessive mutations. No mutation was observed for resistance to yellow rust, powdery mildew and scab in these lines. Several quantitative traits, such as spike numbers per plant, plant height, spike length, grain numbers per spike, grain weight, were observed with genetic variability in some lines. The application of mutations of the quantitative characters from tissue culture in plant breeding is discussed in this paper.