浅水塌陷塘新型湿地藻类群落季节特征及其对生境的响应

以淮南市潘三塘为例,探讨了浅水塌陷塘新型湿地的藻类群落季节特征及其对生境的响应.结果表明,水塘夏季水体有机污染严重(CODCr为52.63 mg/L),营养盐(TP、TN)为Ⅴ类水质,分别达0.45 mg/L,2.01 mg/L,营养状况为重度富营养化,其藻类以蓝藻为优势种;春秋季水体污染稍弱于夏季,属Ⅳ类水质,为中度富营养化,秋季(藻类优势种为绿藻)富营养化程度略高于春季,总体水平接近重度富营养化.藻类生物量Chla秋季最高(27.54 mg/m3),夏季次之(16.85 mg/m3),春季最低(5.82 mg/m3),与TP、TN和CODCr分别呈显著、极显著的正相关关系,可较好地指示水体内营养盐及有机物的污染水平,但与总硬度并无显著相关关系,对总硬度影响不大;另外,浅水塌陷塘湿地的藻类群落生物量与水深(H)呈显著的负相关关系,水量的季节变化亦可影响藻类的季节变化特征.

Seasonal Characteristics of Algae Composition and Responses to Its Habitat in Shallow Subsidence Pool as New Wetland

Seasonal characteristics of algae composition and responses to its habitat in shallow subsidence pool as new wetland were discussed with a case study of Pan-san pool in Huainan city.The results showed that as new wetland,the shallow subsidence pool was seriously polluted in summer(CODCr of 52.63 mg/L,TP of 0.45 mg/L,TN of 2.01 mg/L) and its nutrient status was heavily trophic(dominant algae species of Cyanophyta).Meanwhile,in spring and fall,the shallow subsidence pool was lightly polluted and its nutrient status was medium trophic,but closed to heavily trophic(dominant algae species of Chlorophyta in the fall).Algae biomass in the shallow subsidence pool reached 27.54 mg/m3 in the fall(highest),5.82 mg/m3 in spring(lowest),16.85 mg/m3 in summer,respectively,and showed positive relationships with TP and TN,and significantly positive relationship with CODCr,indicating that algae biomass could be used to reflect the level of nutrient and organic pollutants.But there is not relationship between algae biomass and total rigidity in shallow subsidence pool,indicating that algae does not affect total rigidity heavily.It is interesting that negative relationships between algae biomass and water depth(H) showed that water quantity in shallow subsidence pool could change seasonal characteristics of algae.All got information can provide insights into water environment in shallow subsidence pool.