我国农业应对干旱灾害的技术研究现状及展望

干旱灾害对农业生产的威胁最大,造成农业经济损失较严重。分析了我国农业干旱具有发生频率高、持续时间长、受灾范围广、经济损失大、突发性和季节性较强的特点,从农艺技术、化学调控措施、节水灌溉技术与应急抗旱装备等方面,探讨了目前我国农业应对旱灾的技术研究现状,分析了我国农业生产过程中应对干旱存在的问题,提出今后我国农业应对干旱灾害的研究重点,主要是加强对农作物干旱发生发展规律的研究,大力推广农业节水技术提高作物水分利用效率,加强研发适合区域农业生产特点的应急性抗旱装备,大力开展抗旱预警技术研究与防控预案制定等方面。

Research Status and Prospect of the Technique of Reply Drought Disaster on China's Agriculture

Drought disaster has now been the most threatening factor in agricultural production,and has caused a severe loss in nation-al economy.This paper first analyzed the characteristics of drought occurrence in China,and we found it has noticeable features of high frequency,long-lasting terms,wide affecting scopes,large economic losses,seasonality and sudden accidence,then we dis-cussed the current research situation of agricultural anti-drought measures in terms of agronomic technique,chemical regulation,wa-ter-saving irrigation technologies and emergency anti-drought equipment,etc.Analyzed the existing problems of replying agriculture drought at present,and put forward the research direction in future,that China should strengthen to study crop drought characteris-tic and discipline,vigorously popularize agriculture water-saving technologies to improve crop water use efficiency,research and de-velopment emergency anti-drought equipment suitable used in regional agriculture production characteristics,energetically develop pre-warning technology and establish the related prevention and control schedules.