克里雅绿洲地下水埋深时空变化对土壤盐分分布的影响

利用实测和室内试验获得的数据,采用经典统计学和地质统计学方法,结合 GIS 技术,分析了新疆克里雅绿洲地下水埋深时空变化对土壤盐分分布的影响。研究结果表明：克里雅绿洲春、夏、秋3个季节地下水埋深和土壤EC值预测精度误差均为10%左右；夏天地下水埋深最大,为13.1 m,春天最小,一年内埋深波动可达6 m；地下水埋深大致形成了南深北浅的空间分布特征；春季土壤EC值连续性相对差,夏季0~10 cm土壤EC值相对高而且连续性最好,土壤盐分最高值出现在绿洲中北部：土壤盐分受地下水埋深影响显著,地下水埋深从东南部到北部呈减小趋势,土壤盐分随地下水埋深的减小而增加。因此,应采取适合克里雅绿洲水资源状况的管理措施,控制地下水埋深,防止土壤盐渍化的进一步加剧。

The Effects of Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Groundwater on the Soil Salinity in Keriya Oasis in Xinj iang

The spatiotemporal variation of groundwater depth and its impact on the soil salinity distribution in the Keriya Oasis,Xin-jiang,were analyzed using geostatistics and GIS technology based on the groundwater and soil data obtained from field investigation and laboratory test.The results showed that:the predicted mean error of groundwater and soil EC value were 10% in the spring, summer and autumn;The groundwater depth was in the maximum value in summer and the minimum value in spring,and the groundwater depth fluctuated within a year up to 6m;The groundwater depth of oasis showed the distribution features of deep in south and shallow in north;the continuity of soil EC value was relatively bad in spring and relatively good in the 0~10 cm depth and higher in summer,the highest soil EC values were in the center and north of oasis;the soil salinity was significantly affected by the groundwater depth with the trend of groundwater depth decreasing from southeast to north and soil salinity increasing with the de-crease of groundwater.So the reasonable management measures suitable for the oasis water situation should be taken to control the groundwater depth and prevent the exacerbation of soil salinity.