黄皮胚培养研究

对黄皮Clausenalansium(Lour.)Skeels.]3个品种(郁南无核黄皮、鸡心黄皮和甜黄皮)开花后10～60d的幼胚进行了离体培养。结果表明,在WPM+CH0.50g/L+PVP1g/L(或AC0.3%)+AgNO310mg/L+GA30.25mg/L+BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L上,花后10～23d的幼胚只形成愈伤组织,但以花后20d的幼胚愈伤组织形成率最高、褐化率低、生长较旺盛;花后30d的幼胚有11%～26%已能发育成苗,此后幼胚的成苗率随胚龄增加而升高,花后60d幼胚的成苗率在50%～73%。鸡心黄皮的愈伤组织诱导率最高,其次是甜黄皮,无核黄皮最低;无核黄皮愈伤组织褐化率最高,其次是鸡心黄皮,而甜黄皮的最低。在适宜的培养基(WPM+CH0.50g/L+AC0.3%+AgNO310mg/L+GA30.25mg/L+BA1.5mg/L+NAA或IBA1mg/L)上,黄皮愈伤组织能正常继代和增殖,生长调节剂是促进增殖的主要因素,但褐化、生长缓慢、很难分化仍是黄皮组织培养的主要难题。

Embryo culture of Clausena lansium

10～60 days old embryos of the three wampee cultivars, Yunan Seedless Wampee,Chicken Heart and Sweet, were used as materials for in vitro culture of immature embryos. Cultured in WPM medium supplemented with CH 0.50 g/L + PVP1 g/L (or AC 0.3%) + AgNO3 10 mg/L+ GA3 0.25 mg/L+ BA 1.5 mg/L+ NAA0.5 mg/L, 10～23 days old embryos only formed callus. However, the highest callus formation was obtained from 20 days old embryos, with the lowest browning rate and good growth. There were 11%～26% of 30 days old embryos developed seedlings and the survival rate of the seedlings rose with embryo age. The seedling survival rate was between 50% and 73% for 60 day old embryos. Chicken Heart had the highest callus induction rate, followed by Sweet, and the lowest was Yunan Seedless Wampee;however, Sweet had the lowest callus browning rate, and Yunan Seedless Wampee had the highest. Cultured in WPM medium supplemented with CH 0.50 g/L+ AC 0.3% + AgNO3 10 mg/L+GA3 0.25 mg/L+ BA 1.5 mg/L+ NAA or IBA 1 mg/L, the callus could be subcultured and proliferated. The key factor for proliferation was plant growth regulators. The most difficult problem for wampee tissue culture was browning, slowly growing and difficult in differentiation.