LC-MS/MS analysis of neonicotinoid insecticides in honey: methodology and residue findings in Austrian honeys |
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Authors: | Tanner Gina Czerwenka Christoph |
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Institution: | Competence Center for Residue Analysis, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Spargelfeldstrasse 191, 1220 Wien, Austria. |
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Abstract: | An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of residues of eight neonicotinoid insecticides and two metabolites in honey using LC-MS/MS was developed and validated. Two approaches of sample preparation were investigated, with the final method involving acetonitrile extraction and subsequent cleanup by dispersive solid-phase extraction (QuEChERS type). Validation was based on quintuplicate analysis at three fortification levels and showed satisfactory recoveries (60-114%) and high precision (RSDs between 2.7 and 12.8%). Low limits of detection and quantification could be achieved for all analytes ranging from 0.6 to 5 μg/kg and from 2 to 10 μg/kg, respectively. Investigations of Austrian honey samples revealed the presence of acetamiprid, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam residues in honey; however, no sample exceeded the maximum residue limits. On average, flower honey samples contained neonicotinoid residues in higher quantities compared to forest honey samples. |
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