从美国引进的小麦抗锈品种的抗锈性测定和我国及美国小麦叶锈菌的毒性比较研究

1981年在河北农业大学温室分别用中国小麦叶锈菌4个小种360、376、377和60对从美国引进的13个抗锈品种进行了抗叶锈性测定,在河北省植保所田间进行了成株期对叶、条锈的抗性测定.1982年在美国堪萨斯州立大学温室分别用美国的小麦叶绣菌培养物PRTUS1、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、13和19对13个品种中的9个进行了抗叶锈性测定.苗期测定结果指出,其中3个品种Kans 63324,STW 646407和II-11996-4R-SM-1R对所测的中国小种都表现抵抗,但对美国的培养物大多数抵抗,而在所测的9个品种中没有对所有美国培养物都抵抗的.在对比两国之间中国小麦叶锈菌小种和美国小麦叶锈菌培养物的毒性时进一步指出,有些品种犹如LA1415,STW597725和STW597947对美国的少数培养物抵抗,而对所有的中国小种感染.田间试验用小麦条锈菌小种19和21接种指出品种NB61975、NB66523和STW597944对条锈是免疫的,NB61977和II-119966-4R-SM-1R是高抗的.

TESTING WHEAT CULTIVARS INTRODUCED FROM THE U.S.FOR RESISTANCE TO LEAF RUST OF WHEAT AND COMPORISON OF VIRULENCE OF PUCCINIA RECONDITA F.SP. TRITICI BETWEEN U.S.A.AND CHINA

Thirteen rust resistant cultivars were introduced from U. S. and tested for leaf rust resistance in seedling stage in greenhouse of Hebei Agricultural University with 4 Chinese races 360, 376, 377 and 60 of P. recondita respectively and tested for resistance to leaf and stripe rust in adult stage in field in 1981. The same cultivars were tested for leaf rust resistance with 12 U.S. cultures namely, PRTUS 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 19 respectively in seedling stage in greenhouse of Kansas State University in 1982.The result of seedling tests showed there were 3 cultivars, Kans 63326, STW 646407 and II-l 1996-4R-SM-1R, were resistant to all the Chinese races. They were also resistant to most of the U.S. cultures though none of a cultivars were resistant to all the U.S. cultures.Comparison of the virulence between Chinese and U. S. cultures further showed that cultivars NB 61975, STW 597643 and NB 66523 were susceptible to all the cultures of both countries. There were few cultivars such cas LA 1415, STW 597725, and STW 597947, were resistant to a few U. S. cultures, but were susceptible to all the Chinese races.The result of field test when inoculated with races 19 and 21 of P.strii-formis showed the cultivars NB 61975, NB 66523 and STW 597944 were immune and NB 61977 and II-l 19966-4R-SM-1R were highly resistant to stripe rust.