Necrotic diseases caused by viruses in Swedish potato tubers

Potato tuber necrosis in the form of spraing symptoms is caused by infection with Potato mop‐top virus (PMTV) or Tobacco rattle virus (TRV); spraing has become more important in the Swedish potato crop production. In this study, the presence in Sweden of three potato‐infecting viruses associated with necrotic symptoms in tubers was demonstrated: PMTV, TRV and Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV). This study shows that both PMTV and TRV are frequent in Swedish potato fields. PMTV was found in all Swedish counties, except the two most northern ones. TRV was present at several locations in southern and up to the central parts of Sweden. Both viruses were found further north than observed in earlier surveys. PMTV and TRV were analysed in tubers with spraing symptoms and it was not possible to decide visually if the symptoms were caused by either PMTV or TRV. Furthermore, a high occurrence of symptomless tuber infections was observed for several potato cultivars. A unique observation from this study was a mixed infection of both PMTV and TRV in tubers of cv. Berber, where no visual differences on symptom development were detectable for these tubers compared to single infections. During the survey, tubers of cv. Melody were found to display necrotic symptoms in the skin that are characteristic for the ABC disease. This suggested infection by TNV, which also could be confirmed.