基于苎麻属野生近缘种形态变异类型的系统关系研究

本文从变异性分析、相关分析和构建系统聚类树方面系统地研究了苎麻属野生近缘种5组26种(变种)的基本形态生物学特征。结果表明:1)苎麻、大叶苎麻、序叶苎麻、细野麻这4个野生种形态的丰富变化主要集中在叶色、叶脉色、托叶色、叶缘锯齿这几种表型。2)苎麻属各野生种表型之间叶形与叶基特性的关系非常紧密,其余的形态表型之间没有发现显著的相关。3)苎麻组组内演化关系为微绿苎麻→青叶苎麻→苎麻、贴毛苎麻。苎麻和贴毛苎麻都起源于青叶苎麻。4)苎麻属野生种种间的系统聚类树显示,处在最低位置的苎麻属组群是帚序苎麻组和腋球苎麻组,序叶苎麻组位于中间位置,苎麻组和大叶苎麻组则是位于最高位置的苎麻属组群,苎麻组和大叶苎麻组的亲缘关系更加紧密。该研究结果对进一步研究苎麻属野生近缘种分类及系统演化提供了基础。

Systematic Relationship on Morphological Variation Types of Wild Relative Species of Boehmeria

5 groups and 26 varieties of wild relative species of Boehmeria were studied in this paper.The elemental biological characteristics were systematically studied based on variability,correlation and system clustering tree. The results showed that： 1） Morphology changes of 4 wild species——Nivea,Boehmaria longispica,Clidemioides var. diffusa and gracilis,were mainly concentrated on the phenotypes of leaf color,leaf vein color,stipules color and leaf margin serrate. 2） Morphological phenotypes of leaf shape and leaf base were very close among wild relative species of Boehmeria,but no significant correlations were found among other varieties. 3） Evolutionary relationship about 4 species of Tilocnide was Nivea var. viridula to Nivea var. tenacissima to Nivea and Nivea var. nipononivea. Nivea and Nivea var.nipononivea were originated from Nivea var. tenacissima. 4） The wild species clustering tree of Boehmeria system showed that the lowest position of Boehmeria was Phyllostachys and Boehmeria,the middle position was Clidemioides var. diffusa,the highest position was Densiglomerata of Tilocnide and Longispicae. Phylogenetic relationship between Tilocnide and Longispicae was closer. The results of this study could provide the basis for further study on classification and system evolution of wild relative species of Boehmeria.