黑龙江野鲤、散鳞镜鲤良种选育技术

本文报道选育黑龙江野鲤和散鳞镜鲤良种的研究。根据对不同水域野鲤的遗传分析,发现不同自然品系之间在形态、生化遗传结构和生长都存在阴显差异,试验采用品系选育方法,筛选出一个生长比其他野鲤快10％的松花江野鲤品系。对已高度强化选育的镜鲤品种,试验采用已选育30年的散鳞镜鲤和由德国引进的纯系镜鲤进行杂交,获得一个比亲本生长快20％的杂交种。

SELECTI VE TECHNIQUE OF GOOD BREEDS IN CYPRI NLTS CARPID HAEMATOPTERUS(HEILUNGJIANG COMMONCARP)AND C. CARPID(MIRRUR CARP)

Selective technique of good breed or strain in Cyprinus carpio hae-matopterus and C. carpio was carried from 1986 to 1990. In heilongjiang commoncarp,the interstrain selection was used. The parents were collected from lower Song-hua River, middle Nenjiang River and Xingkai Lake, and self-reproduction wasdone separately. Samples were observed randonly from F_1, the comparison of gro-wth of 1,2 and 3 year old was done in same pond or in different pond, instantane-ous growth rate(IGR_w)and relative growth rate(G_w)were determined. The morpho-logy and isozymes were studied too and obvious differences of morphological andbiochemical genetics were found in three wild common carp strains,and the growthof Songhua River wild common carp is over 10% faster than the two others. So that anew strain was screened out. In mirror carp, the interstrain crossing and sequentselection were used. The crossing was done by the scattered mirror carp (selected30 years at Songpu Test Farm of our Institute) and the pure line mirror carp (in-troduced from West Germany in 1984). The comparison of growth hybrid F_1 andits parents of 3 different ages was done in same pond or in different pond, andIGR_w, G_w,morphology,and isozymes were determined. The results are as follows:morphological character of F_1 is in the middle of those of parents, mean heterozy-gosity of F_1 is zero, and growth of F_1 is over 20% faster than average of parents.