不同水分条件和覆盖处理对夏玉米籽粒灌浆特性和产量的影响

采用二因素完全随机试验设计,研究了3种水分条件(75%、65%、55%田间持水量)下无覆盖(CK)、地膜覆盖(PM)和秸秆覆盖(SM)处理对夏玉米籽粒灌浆特性、产量、耗水量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,不同水分条件下,各处理夏玉米籽粒增重进程符合Logistic生长曲线。相对于无覆盖处理,地膜和秸秆覆盖处理提高了夏玉米的灌浆速率、产量和水分利用效率。其中,中水分(65%田间持水量)条件下地膜和秸秆覆盖处理夏玉米产量及水分利用效率(WUE)增幅最大,增产率分别为21.99%和35.86%,水分利用效率增加幅度分别为16.41%和16.79%;其次为低水分(55%田间持水量)处理,高水分(75%田间持水量)处理增幅最小。

Effect of moisture and mulching on filling characteristics and yield of summer maize

The effects of no mulching (CK), plastic film mulching (PM) and straw mulching (SM) on grain filling characteristics, yield, water consumption and water use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize under 3 water treatments (75%, 65%, 55% field capacity) were studied in a 2-factor complete randomized experiment. Results show that grain weight increase in summer maize under different moisture conditions is in accordance with logistic curve. Grain filling rate, yield, and WUE in treatments PM and SM are greater than those in CK. The degree of increase in yield and WUE in PM and SM under the medium moisture condition (65% field capacity) is highest with increase rate of 21.99% and 35.86% for yield, and 16.41% and 16.79% for WUE respectively. The rate of yield and WUE increase in PM and SM under low (55% field capacity) and high (75% field capacity) moisture conditions ranks second and third respectively.