低温胁迫对甜瓜种子发芽及幼苗生长发育的影响

[目的]研究低温胁迫对甜瓜种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响,了解2个甜瓜品种在苗期对低温的适应性差别。[方法]利用人工气候箱控温的办法,设3个温度梯度:30℃/20℃、21℃/12℃和15℃/7℃,研究了不同低温及低温持续时间对2个甜瓜品种早金和伊丽莎白种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响。[结果]甜瓜在15℃/8℃条件下处理10d后,早金和伊丽莎白幼苗在株高、株叶面积、地上部干鲜重、根干鲜重、根冠比和干物质积累量均显著低于30℃/20℃和21℃/12℃下处理的,表明温度越低,对甜瓜幼苗生长的抑制作用越明显。伊丽莎白的各项生物指标都优于早金。[结论]甜瓜种子发芽需要适宜的温度条件,过高或过低都会影响种子的发芽率。伊丽莎白可以作为设施反季节栽培的甜瓜品种。

Effect of LOW Temperature Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth and Development in Muskmelon

[Objective] The aim of research was to study low temperature stress on seed germination and seedling growth and development in muskmelon and find out the difference of adaptability of two muskmelon varieties to low temperature during the seedling stage.[Method] Three temperature grades including 30 ℃/20 ℃, 21 ℃/12 ℃ and 15 ℃/7 ℃ were set up to study the effect of different low-temperatures and their duration on seed germination and seedling growth and development in two muskmelon varieties of Zaojin and Elizabeth. [Result] After the muskmelons were treated at 15 ℃/8 ℃ for 10 d, the plant height, the area of total leaves, fresh weight of the part above ground and the part underground, root-shoot ratio and dry weight accumulation of Zaojin and Elizabeth were all significantly lower than that at 30 ℃/20 ℃ and 21 ℃/12 ℃, showing that the lower the temperature was, the more obvious the inhibitions on seedling growth in muskmelon was. All indices of Elizabeth were more excellent than that of Zaojin. [Conclusion] The seed germination of muskmelon need suitable temperature condition and the too higher or too lower temperature can effect the seed germination rate. The Elizabeth can take as the variety in off season cultivation.