同核异质粳稻不育系特性比较

 对由粳稻品种苏秋、六千辛转育成的2套同核异质不育系的不育性、可恢复性、开花习性及异交特性进行了鉴定，结果表明：1）BT型、HL型不育系花粉以染败为主，WA型不育系花粉以典败为主；BT型苏秋A和BT型六千辛A分别有0.06%和3.72%的自交结实率，不育性最不稳定。2）不育系的花粉败育程度影响穗颈伸出剑叶叶鞘的长度，败育越彻底，穗伸出度越短。3）BT型不育系的花时、花期与保持系最为接近；HL型不育系花时稍有滞后，花期相仿；WA型不育系花时明显滞后，花期明显拉长，开花不集中。4）BT型、HL型不育系的异交结实率无显著差异,但明显高于WA型不育系。5）BT型不育系的可恢复性最好，HL型不育系次之，WA型不育系最难恢复。提出了用HL型不育系部分替代BT型不育系的设想，以解决目前生产上杂交粳稻BT型不育系不育性不够稳定及细胞质单一的问题。

Comparison on the Characteristics of the Isonuclear Alloplasmic CMS Lines in japonica Rice

The characteristics of two types of isonuclear alloplasmic CMS lines derived from Suqiu, Liuqianxin were studied in male sterile stability, restorable ability, flowering habit and outcrossing rate. Most pollen granules of BT-type and HL-type CMS lines were stained-abortion, and those of WA-type CMS lines were mainly typical-abortion. Selfed seed-setting rate of BT Suqiu A and BT Liuqianxin A were 0.06% and 3.72%, respectively, the sterility of those CMS lines were the most unstable. The pollen abortive degree of CMS lines affected the length of panicle-neck above the sheath of flag leaf, the more serious abortive degree, the shorter the length of panicle-neck above the sheath of flag leaf. Flowering time and flowering duration of BT-type CMS lines were close to its maintainers. Flowering time of HL-type CMS line was later than that of its maintainers, but flowering duration was the same. Flowering time of WA was distinctly laggar and flowering duration was longer, and flowering was not concentrated. The outcrossing rates of BT- and HL-type CMS lines were higher than that of WA-type CMS line. As to the restorable characteristic, BT-type was the best, HL-type the second, and WA-type the worst.