基于LandsatTM/OLI数据的吐鲁番绿洲土地利用/覆被变化研究

[目的]运用3S技术研究1990~2015年吐鲁番地区土地利用/覆被变化情况。[方法]以吐鲁番地区1990年landsat5 TM影像及2015年landsat8 OLI影像数据为基础,运用3S技术,基于光谱特征的最大似然监督分类法和人机交互式目视解译方法,获取1990、2015年吐鲁番绿洲土地利用类型数据。最后运用土地利用格局变化指标分析方法及空间转移矩阵方法,探讨了1990~2015年吐鲁番绿洲土地资源的结构特点和变化规律。[结果]吐鲁番绿洲呈扩大趋势,绿洲面积增加,未利用地减少。其中,耕地、草地、园林地面积增加显著,裸地和盐碱地面积减少,沙地面积小幅增加。绿洲区域内建设用地和水域面积增加,但绿洲外围的尾闾湖—艾丁湖却呈萎缩趋势。[结论]该研究为吐鲁番地区生态环境保护提供了基础数据与科学依据。

Study on Land Use/Cover Change in Turpan Oasis Based on Landsat TM/OLI Data

Objective] The aim was to study the change of land use/coverage in Turpan area during 1990-2015 using 3S technology. [Meth-od]With Turpan landsat5 TM images in 1990 and 2015 landsat8 OLI images as basic data, by using 3S technique, two temporal Turpan Oasis land use types were derived by visual interpretation and maximum likelihood supervised classification method based on spectral feature. Finally u-sing comprehensive index of land use dynamic change analysis and spatial transfer matrix method, the land resource structure characteristics and change rules in the past 25 years in Turpan Oasis were discussed. [Result]The results indicated that the Turpan Oasis showed an obvious trend of expansion, oasis area which include cultivated land, grassland, garden area was increased significantly, unused land which include bare land and saline land area was decreased. Meanwhile, the construction land and water area were increased significantly, but the oasis peripheral Rump Lake - Aydingkol Lake presented shrinking trend. [ Conclusion] The study can provide basic data and scientific basis for eco-environment pro-tection in Turpan area.