西南喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀特征研究现状与展望

受地质背景的强烈制约,西南喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀与其他类型区显著不同,叠加了化学溶蚀、重力侵蚀和流水侵蚀的耦合作用,呈现地面流失和地下漏失的混合侵蚀机制。从土壤地表侵蚀产沙、土壤地下漏失、土壤侵蚀强度与分级标准、土壤侵蚀过程模拟等几个方面简要综述了该区土壤侵蚀特征,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。今后应该加强西南喀斯特地区水土流失途径与土壤流失/漏失定位监测技术研究,进一步发展水土二元流失模拟模型,为该区土地利用变化的水土保持功能定量评估提供科技支撑,服务石漠化综合治理和后续规划制订。

Characteristics of Soil Erosion in the Karst Regions of Southwest China Research Advance and Prospective

Restricted heavily by the geology, soil erosion in karst regions of southwest China is obviously different from that in other regions. Due to the couple of chemical dissolution, gravitational erosion and water erosion, the erosion in the region had a mixture mechanism of soil surface loss and underground leakage. This paper summarized the characteristics of soil erosion briefly, including surface soil loss, underground soil leakage, soil erosion intensity and the grading standard, and the simulation of soil erosion process. Further, future research interests were discussed. From the point view of the research advance, the automation, located monitoring of soil and water loss was put forward, and the simulation model for dual soil and water loss should be developed further in karst regions of southwest China. This could give a reference for quantitative assessment of the effects of land use change on soil and water conservation, and then provide service for the control of rock desertification.