白鹤芋染色体制片技术优化及核型分析

以白鹤芋(Spathiphyllum floribundum)‘Mojo’品种的组培苗根尖为试验材料,采用常规压片法,比较不同取材时间、预处理方法对染色体制片的影响,并对其进行核型分析。结果表明,于08:45-09:15取材,用0.002 mol·L-18-羟基喹啉或0.07mmol·L-1放线菌酮预处理4h所得的染色体制片效果最佳。白鹤芋的染色体数目为2n=2x=30,为二倍体,‘Mojo’品种有B染色体,核型公式为2n=2x=30=20m+6m(SAT)+2sm+2sm(SAT)(B染色体),其中3号和8号为近中部着丝粒染色体(sm),其余的染色体都是中部着丝粒染色体(m)。3号、4号、6号和9号的染色体具随体。最长染色体与最短染色体比为1.73;核型属2A型,核型不对称系数为56.37%。

Optimization of chromosome sectioning and karyotype analysis of Spathiphyllum floribundum

To establish the optimal approach for analyzing the root tips of Spathiphyllum floribundum‘Mojo’,we compared different sampling times and pretreatments during chromosome sectioning.The results showed that the optimal sampling time was 08:45-09:15 and the optimal pretreatment was 0.002 mol · L-1 or 0.07 mmol · L-1 of 8-hydroxyquinolin or cycloheximide,respectively for 4 h.S.floribundum is a diploid plant and its chromosome number is 2n=2x=30."Mojo" contains a B-chromosome.The karyotype analysis revealed that S.floribundum is 2n=2x=30=20m+6m (SAT) +2sm+2sm(SAT) (B-chromosome).Furthermore,chromosome 3 and 8 are metacentric,whereas the others are facrocentric.Satellites were observed in the four pairs of chromosomes (3,4,6,and 9).The chromosomal length ratio was 1.73,mongolicus was 2A,and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 56.37％.