基于比较优势理论的怒江州农业产业结构调整研究

采用比较优势理论方法,将作物单产、种植规模作为区域农作物比较优势测定指标的关键因子,分析了怒江州2000 ～2011年农产品的效率比较优势指数（EAI）、规模比较优势指数（SAI）、综合比较优势指数（AAI）.结果表明,怒江州主要农作物均不具有效率优势,只有部分农作物具有一定的规模优势;畜牧业具有一定的综合比较优势.据此,提出怒江州产业结构调整的思路：将比较优势、区域资源禀赋结合起来,在确保生态优先,充分保障农民利益的前提下,整合农、林、牧业资源,挖掘牧业、林业发展空间,大力发展林下经济,提高林业产值,科学合理调整农产品布局,构建具有区域特色的优势农产品生产基地,实现农、林、牧业资源共享、优势互补、综合利用、区域特色明显的农业复合生产经营模式,依托区域立体气候特征明显等优势,构建怒江州农、林、牧业协调发展的立体生态农业格局,实现怒江州经济社会发展与生态良性循环的双赢目标.

Research on the Adjustment of Agriculture Industrial Structure in Nujiang Prefecture Based on Comparative Advantage Theory

With taking crop yields and planting scale as the key factor of indicator in measuring comparative advantage of regional farm products,this paper makes an analysis of Efficiency Advantage Indices （EAI）,Scale Advantage Indices （SAI） and Aggregated Advantage Indices （AAI） of farm products from the year 2000 to 2011 in Nujiang Prefecture in terms of the Comparative Strength Theory.The results indicate that only part of the crops has a certain scale advantage while the main crops have no comparative advantage and that animal husbandry has a certain integrated comparative advantage.Accordingly,the adjustment of industrial structure in Nujiang was proposed as follows：Comparative advantage and regional natural resources be combined.Under the premise of ensuring ecological priority and fully protecting farmers＇interests,resource of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry be integrated,development space of animal husbandry and forestry be expanded,economy under forest be vigorously developed to improve the forestry production,distribution of agricultural products be adjusted scientifically and reasonably to build superior agricultural production base with regional characteristics,to achieve the goal of resources sharing between forestry and animal husbandry,c omn plementary advantages and complex mode of production and management in agriculture which has a feature of comprehensive utilization and coordinated development,and the goal that regional characteristic of three-dimensional climate should be brought into play,eventually,to develop a three-dimensional ecological agriculture pattern coordinating development between agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry in Nujiang Prefecture,in order to realize the Nujiang economic and social development and ecological benign cycle of the winwin goal.