钾对黄土区猕猴桃产量和品质的影响

在黄土区土上研究了猕猴桃不同品种及不同量钾肥与产量品质的关系。连续3年试验结果表明,钾在黄土区猕猴桃上有显著的增产效果和经济效益熏平均增产20.2%,产投比大于2.54。施钾能增加果实可溶糖、维生素C含量及果实硬度熏降低果实酸度,增加糖酸比,提高一级果率及单果重,促进叶生长。氯化钾与硫酸钾在增糖降酸、促进叶生长、提高维生素C方面作用相当,硫酸钾在增加果实硬度、一级果率、叶绿素、氨基酸总量及必需氨基酸方面好于氯化钾,高量钾好于低量钾。过量Cl-不利于果树生长及果实品质的改善。从产量、品质及经济效益综合考虑,以硫酸钾和氯化钾按1∶1掺合施用效果较好,N∶P2O5∶K2O大致比例为1∶0.9∶1.3。猕猴桃施肥以撒施耕翻效果较好。

Effect of Potash Application on the Output and Quality of Kiwifruit in Loess Area

The relationship among different variety,amount of potash,output and quality of kiwifruit were studied in the kiwifruit orchard established on the loess plateau.Results of3-year experiment showed that potash had remarkable effect on increasing output and economical benefit of kiwifruit;the yield was increased by20.2%;the value to cost ratios(VCR)of which were above2.54;the soluble sugars,ascorbic acid and the flesh firmness were increased as well;the total acidity of fruit was decreased.Results also showed application.of KCl or K 2 SO 4 had the similar effects on kiwifruit vines,however,the application of K 2 SO 4 was better than KCl in increasing fruit flesh firmness,amount of chlorophyll,amino acid and fruit grades.Considering output,quality and economical benefit comprehensively,the better way of potash application was blend together of K 2 SO 4 and KCl with1∶1.The rough proportion of N∶P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O was1∶0.8∶1.3.The better method of kiwifruit fertilizing was broadcast and tilling.