桂北耕作制度调查报告——以广西桂林市灵川县为例

目的]对灵川县主要乡（镇）的耕作制度模式开展相关调查,为灵川县农业快速健康发展提供理论依据.方法]对灵川县6个乡（镇）进行走访以及查阅相关资料,收集相关信息,并于2012年6月22～24日进行实地问卷调查.结果]调查结果显示,目前灵川县耕作制度类型主要有水田耕作模式（包括紫云英—早稻—晚稻、蔬菜—早稻—晚稻或蔬菜—一季稻、冬闲—早稻—晚稻或冬闲—一季稻、马铃薯—早稻—晚稻或马铃薯—一季稻、稻—菜轮作）、旱地主要耕作制度（包括玉米间作或套作大豆、柑橘间作花生）、山地立体种植模式以及果园立体种养模式.但在调查中也发现灵川县耕作制度仍存在许多问题,如新型种植模式推广速度慢、范围小;种植人员结构老化,劳动力不足;农产品加工业发展滞后,技术含量较低;农田重用轻养,冬闲田面积较多等.建议]应加快农业产业结构调整、继续建立和完善农业综合开发基地、提高农民科学文化素质、提高农业产业化程度、加大冬闲田的开发利用、扩大农业技术推广人才队伍、提高农业机械化程度,以积极推动灵川县农业可持续发展.

Investigation report of farming system models in Northern Guangxi——A case of Lingchuan County in Guilin City

Objective]The present situation of the farming system in main counties and villages of Lingchuan was investigated to provide theoretical references for rapid and sound development of Lingchuan agriculture.Method]The relevant information was collected and gathered through literature and visiting to 6 villages of Lingchuan county.Self-designed questionnaire investigation was conducted on June 22-24,2012.Result]The results of the survey showed that the farming system models in Lingchuan at present were divided into paddy field farming system （including milk vetch-early rice-late rice,vegetables-early rice-late rice or vegetables-single-season rice,vacancy-early rice-late rice or vacancy-single-season rice,potatoes-early rice-late rice or potatoes-single-season rice and rice-vegetables crop rotation）,dryland farming system （including corn intercropping or relay intercropping soybeans and citrus intercropping peanuts）,mountain dimensional planting models and orchards three-dimensional planting models.But many problems still existed in the farming system of Lingchuan such as shallow cropping patterns with low level and small scale,aging planting staff and lack of labor,low developed agricultural product processing industry with lagged technology,inadequate farmland maintenance and no use in winter.Suggestion]To proactively promote sustainable development of Lingchuan agriculture,it suggested that Lingchuan local authorities should speed up the adjustment of agriculture structure,build and improve agricultural comprehensive development base,increase farmers＇ knowledge on science and technology,improve agricultural industries,expand farmland use in winter,recruit more talents for agricultural technology promotion and use more agricultural machines.