Intercropping corn with soybean,lupin and forages: yield component responses |
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| Institution: | 1. CONICET (National Research Council), Unidad Integrada, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Grupo de Estudios Ambientales, CONICET – Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina;3. CREA (Regional Agricultural Experimentation Consortia), Argentina;4. IFEVA – Cátedra de Cerealicultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina;5. Estación Experimental Paraná – INTA, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Paraná, Entre Ríos, Argentina;6. Estación Experimental Pergamino – INTA, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina;7. Estación Experimental Manfredi – INTA, Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina;1. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China;2. Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China;3. Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, PR China;2. Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;1. Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R.China;2. Agroecological Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R.China;3. Department of Horticulture, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan;1. College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China;2. Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, Liaoning, China;3. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China |
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| Abstract: | Intercropping systems influence yield variables of the component crops, such as harvest index, hundred seed weight, number of reproductive organs and number of seeds, within each reproductive unit. Two experiments were carried out at each of two sites during 1993 and 1994. The first experiment investigated the effects of seeding soybean or lupin alone or in combination with one of three forages (annual ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam.; perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L.; red clover, Trifolium pratense L.) with corn on the yield components of corn, soybean and lupin. The second experiment examined the effects of seeding date (simultaneous with corn or 3 weeks later) and number of rows of large seeded legumes (one or two) seeded between the corn rows. Corn grain yield was generally not affected by any intercrop treatment, although in 1993 some simultaneously seeded treatments resulted in decreased yields. Soybean grain yield was decreased by most treatments, although some simultaneous seedings produced yields similar to soybean monocrops. Lupin grew poorly as an intercrop component, producing little or no grain. Corn harvest index was not affected by any intercrop treatments. Seeding corn and large-seeded legumes simultaneously resulted in decreases in corn hundred seed weights by as much as 6.6 g compared with the monocropped corn. In 1993 (a year with normal precipitation levels), the hundred seed weight and number of seeds per soybean pod were decreased by intercropping, although the harvest index was not affected. In a high precipitation year (1994), the soybean harvest index was decreased by intercropping, but not the seed components. The underseeded forages, annual ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and red clover, had no effect on yields or yield components of the other intercropped species. |
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