不同产地川佛手中重金属含量测定及安全性评价

建立川佛手重金属含量测定的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）分析方法，并对川佛手重金属含量进行分析与安全评价。样品经微波消解后，用 ICP-OES 方法测定其铅、镉、铜、汞、砷 5 种重金属含量。利用 SPSS 统计软件对不同重金属元素进行相关分析和聚类分析，结合单因子污染指数法和 Nemerow 综合污染指数法评价其安全性。结果表明，铅、镉和铜的线性范围为 0~1.00 μg/mL，砷和汞的线性范围为 0~0.10 μg/mL，线性关系良好（r>0.998 6），检测限范围为 0.000 3~0.004 5 μg/mL，精密度实验 RSD 为 1.03%~4.39%，重复性实验 RSD<5.00%，平均加样回收率在94%~101%。建立的 ICP-OES 方法可准确测定川佛手中 5 种重金属元素的含量。铅、镉、铜的平均含量分别为 2.035、0.121、3.237 μg/g，汞、砷均未检出。铅-镉、铜-镉之间存在负相关，铅-铜之间存在正相关。30 个不同产地川佛手样品中重金属含量均在中国《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》规定范围内，综合污染指数为 0.316~0.518，处于安全水平。

Assay and Safety Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis from Different Areas of Sichuan Province

The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis method was developed  for determining heavy metals in Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis from Sichuan Province, and the analysis and safety evaluation of heavy metals in the samples was conducted. After microwave digestion, the contents of lead, cadmium, copper, mercury and arsenic were determined by the ICP-OES method. Correlation analysis and cluster analysis of each heavy metal were carried out using SPSS statistical software, and the safety was evaluated by combining a single factor index method and Nemerow multi-factor pollution index method. The linear range of lead, cadmium and copper was 0–1.00 μg/mL, and it was 0–0.10 μg/mL for arsenic and mercury, with good linearity (r>0.998 6). The limit of detection was ranged from 0.000 3 μg/mL to 0.004 5 μg/mL. The RSD of precision test was 1.03%–4.39%. The RSD of repeat?ability test was <5.00%, and the average recovery of spiked samples was between 94% and 101%. The established ICP-OES method could accurately determine the content of the five heavy metal elements in C. medica var. sarcodac?tylis from Sichuan Province. The average content of lead, cadmium and copper was 2.035, 0.121 and 3.237 μg/g, re?spectively, and no mercury or arsenic was detected. There was a negative correlation between Pb with Cd and Cu with Cd, while there was a positive correlation between Pb and Cu. The contents of heavy metals in C. medica var. sarco?dactylis from 30 different areas of Sichuan Province were all within the limit prescribed in China’s “Green Trade Stan-dards Importing &Exporting Medicinal plants & Preparation”. The comprehensive pollution index was 0.316–0.518, which was at a safe level.