基于生态过程与景观生态背景值的区域生态压力研究

目前常用的数学模型法和景观生态学方法，对揭示区域生态压力的现状和进行区域横向比较具有良好效果，但是缺乏历史纵向比较。景观生态背景值，是在综合了区域特定历史时期景观生态本底值和合理的人类活动两方面因素的基础上形成的。运用景观生态背景值作为景观生态压力评价的坐标起点，结合区域中主要的生态过程，通过对变化中的景观生态类型、格局与景观生态背景值的偏离程度来评价区域生态压力与安全，评价结果不仅能较明确地说明区域生态压力与安全现状的性质，同时清晰地揭示出人为因素对区域生态压力与安全状态的影响程度与性质。

Research of Regional Ecological Pressure Based on Ecological Process and Landscape Ecological Background Value

Methods used in common in mathematical model and landscape ecology can reflect well the present status of regional ecological pressure and compare breadthwise between regions. Being short of lengthways comparison, it cannot reflect well the characteristics of regional ecological pressure and safety. Considering landscape ecological original value in certain period and human activity, this paper established landscape ecological background value. Using landscape ecological background value for reference, this study assessed regional ecological pressure and safety by degree of departure. The results not only can show clearly the characteristics of regional ecological pressure and security, but also can disclose the degree and characteristics of regional ecological pressure and safety imposed by human factors.