复合营养长效保肥保水剂应用及其缓释节肥效果

为探索保水剂与肥料复配混合后的缓释节水效果。该文应用整体法将N、P、K 3种植物必需的营养物质与保水剂进行复合自制复合营养长效保肥保水剂（简称复合保水剂），并采用盆栽对比方法，通过观测植株生长指标与植株N、P、K含量、植株含水量试验了这种复合保水剂应用效果。结果显示：复合保水剂、保水剂、混合肥料与对照之间对一年生黑麦草出苗率的影响差异不显著；复合保水剂处理与对照处理相比提高株高达12%～47%，提高生物量达1.3～5.6倍；复合保水剂显著的提高植物体内水分含量及水势；与同营养型肥料配方处理的生物量比平均高出3.88倍；复合保水剂与同营养型的混合肥料处理相比，提高N元素表观利用率可提高0.2～1.9倍，P元素表观利用率可提高0.23～2倍，但是K元素表观利用率则减少了33%～200%。复合保水剂对黑麦草出苗率没有影响；复合保水剂处理可以显著增加黑麦草的苗期生长量；复合保水剂处理可显著提高黑麦草的N、K利用率，复合保水剂可以减少肥料的使用量，并能大幅度提高其利用率，用整体法制备复合保水剂的方法可行，可以起到保水保肥的效果。

Application of nutrient and super absorbent polymer compound and effect of fertilizer slow-release

To explore the slow-release and water-saving effect of mixture of super absorbent polymers and fertilizer, In this paper, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, three nutrients necessary for plants, were mixed with superabsorbent polymer to produce a compound named compound-SAP that was able to retain these nutrients and water in an enduring way. The efficacy of the compound-SAP was tested by using plot method and applying it to plants divided into different treatments and comparing its effects on them by observing Plant growth indicators and N, P and K content of plant and plant water content. The results showed: there was not a significant difference between the emergence rates of the reference sample and treated with the compound concerned, mixed fertilizers or superabsorbent polymers of different particle sizes. The seedling growth of treated with the compound-SAP was 12-47 percent higher than that of the reference, and the biomass of the group treated with the compound was 1.3-5.6 times higher than that of the reference; the treated with compound SAP was able to significant increase water content and flow of water of plant; the biomass of the group with the same level of fertilizer treatment was 3.88 times higher than the average. The nitrogen apparent utilization rate of the group treated with the compound was 0.2-1.9 times larger than that of the group treated with fertilizers of the same nutrient level, the phosphorus apparent utilization rate of was 0.23-2 times larger, but the rate of potassium was 33 percent-200 percent smaller. The Conclusions show that: the compound-SAP has no significant effect on the emergence rate and is able to significantly increase seedling growth of annual ryegrass. The compound-SAP significantly increased the apparent utilization of nitrogen and potassium, the compound of nutrients and superabsorbent polymer increases the utilization of fertilizer, thus making it possible to use less fertilizer to achieve the same growth effect. Therefore, a compound that mixes nutrients and superabsorbent polymer by made mixture method is able to retain water and fertilizer.