几种杀菌剂对玉米顶腐病病原菌的毒力测定及防治效果研究

亚粘团镰孢霉引起的玉米顶腐病是我国玉米生产上的一种新病害。在室内采用菌丝生长速率法测定8种杀菌剂对亚粘团镰孢霉的抑菌效果。结果表明，25 g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂的EC₅₀最小，病原菌对其敏感性最高，抑菌效果最好；60 g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂和80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂的EC₅₀较小，病菌对其敏感性也较高，抑菌效果也较好；97%烯酰吗啉可湿性粉剂的EC₅₀ 最大，病菌对其敏感性最低，抑菌效果最差。通过温室种子包衣效果，生产上可使用25 g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂和60 g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂来防治玉米顶腐病。同时通过室内毒素平皿培养进一步明确了经咯菌腈、戊唑醇和多菌灵对玉米种子包衣处理后，不同浓度的亚粘团镰孢霉毒素滤液对玉米胚根和胚芽生长的影响。

Toxicity Determination and Control Effects of Server Fungicides Against Corn Top Rot Disease Pathogens

The corn top rot caused by Fusariurn subglutinans is a new disease on corn production in China. There were seldom domestic researches and system research reports and effective measures against the disease. Inhibition effect of 8 fungicides on Fusariurn subglutinans was measured. The results showed that the EC₅₀ of 25 g/L fludioxonil floating suspeusion(FS) was the smallest. The sensitivity of pathogen to this fungicide was the highest, and its inhibitory effect was best. The EC₅₀ of 60 g/L tebuconazole FS and 80% carbendazim wettable power(WP) were smaller, the sensitivity of pathogen to them was higher, and their inhibitory effect was better. The EC₅₀ of 97% dimethomoph WP was the largest, the sensitivity of pathogen to it was the lowest, and its inhibition effect was the worst. The greenhouse seed coating suggested that the 25 g/L fludioxonil FS and 60 g/L tebuconazole FS could be applied in the control of the corn top rot. At the same time, the indoor toxicity experiment research has further defined the effects of different toxin filtrates of Fusariurn subglutinans on corn radical and germ growth by different treatment of fludioxonil, tebuconazole and carbendazim.