| Abstract: | ![]()
This paper examines trends in topography design and construction in opencast mining restoration. The greatest geomorphological focus is the protection of aquatic ecosystems downstream of reclaimed sites through the construction of topographies and structures that not only reduce sediments and contaminants to a minimum, but which soften the impact of maximum water flows. From the ecological point of view, the most important focus is the integration of the geomorphological component with those of the soil and vegetation, and the formation of a functional ecosystem with the capacity to maintain itself. The conceptual models of relief that have been used in practice are discussed and criticized: these include the platform‐bank model (geotechnically but not ecologically stable), faithful reproduction of the original topography (inadequate in steep areas), and understanding the hydrological basin as a restoration unit (now considered the most appropriate). Finally, erosion models are reviewed as tools for relief design. The practicality of ‘RUSLE 1.06 for Mined Lands, Construction Sites and Reclaimed Lands’ is underlined owing to its ease of use. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
