土壤水对降水和地表覆盖的响应

该文试图通过坡面径流场试验，对无覆盖、秸秆覆盖和石子覆盖的径流小区内土壤水进行连续定位观测，以期探讨太行山区土壤水对降水和覆盖方式的响应. 结果表明，长期干旱条件下，特别是当30 cm土层土壤含水量低于20%时，单次降水很难入渗至30 cm以下； 从响应时间看，在30 cm深处，石子覆盖响应最快，秸秆覆盖次之，无覆盖响应最慢； 在60 cm深处则不同，秸秆覆盖响应最快，石子覆盖次之，无覆盖响应最慢； 100 cm处石子覆盖土壤水最先增加，而秸秆覆盖则滞后了10 h，无覆盖响应最慢； 无覆盖处理30 cm土壤含水量比石子覆盖平均低0.13 cm3/cm3，比秸秆覆盖平均低0.07 cm3/cm3，表明覆盖有利于土壤水的保存. 秸秆覆盖对60 cm土层入渗的效果比石子好，然而，石子覆盖的保水效果却好于秸秆覆盖. 

Response of soil moisture variation to precipitation and mulching measures

Response of soil moisture to precipitation and mulching measures was investigated based on the continuous observation information in plots with no-mulching, straw-mulching and granule-mulching. The results show that individual rainfall event is difficult to infiltrate into up to 30 cm depth from surface during the dry season, especially when soil moisture is lower than 20% at 30 cm depth. As for the responsive time, at 30 cm, it is the shortest in granule-mulching plot, followed by straw-mulching plot and longest in no-mulching plot. At 60 cm, shortest responsive time is observed in straw-mulching plot and longest in no-mulching. At 100 cm, soil moisture increases first in granule-mulching plot and 10-h delay takes place in straw-mulching plot compared with that of straw-mulching and it's the slowest in no-mulching. The soil moisture at 30 cm depth in no-mulching plot is 0.13 and 0.07 cm~ 3/cm~ 3 lower than those of granule- and straw-mulching. It indicates the mulching measure is good for the storage of soil moisture. Although infiltration ability at 60 cm is more powerful in straw-mulching plot than that in granule-mulching plot, the latter's ability of water conservation is better than the former's.