耐低钾小麦品种筛选及其吸钾特性的研究

1993～1995年在缺钾土壤上进行田间微区和小区试验,筛选耐低钾小麦品种并研究其吸钾特性。试验结果表明,在缺钾土壤上不同小麦品种的产量存在显著差异。以耐低钾力和品种适应性及分级指标进行评定,在微区试验的45份供试小麦品种中耐低钾能力强(1级)的占4.4％,耐性很差(7～9级)的占37.8％,其余介于二者之间(3～5级)的占与57.8％。川麦23和898耐性强的特点在小区试验中得到进一步验证。它们在缺钾条件下比敏感品种能够吸收较多的钾素,且有较多钾在成熟期转移到子粒中,因而在不施钾肥的条件下可获较高产量。

SCREENING OF WHEAT VARIETIES WITH LOW POTASSIUM ENDURANCE AND STUDY ON THEIR POTASSIUM UPTAKE CHARACTERISTICS

Field experiments were conducted to screen wheat varieties with low potassium (K) endurance from 1993 to 1995. The characteristics of K uptake among these varieties was also studied. The results showed that the yields of defferent wheat varieties were significantly different in K deficient soil. According to low K endurance, variety adaptability and the tractional method made by Liu Hengguan, 45 wheat varieties were identified by field experiment. Among 45 varieties tested, 4. 4% belonged to that of high endurance of low K (1 grade) and 37.8% to that of low endurance (7~9 grades) and the others (57. 8%) were between the former two types (3-5 grades). Further, the endurance of Chuanmai-23 and 89-8 were proved in plot experiment. The two varieties are able to absorb more K from soil and transfer more to grain in their maturity than sensitive ones. Therefore, Chuanmai-23 and 89-8 could yield well respectively under K stress.