山桐子自然群体表型性状变异分析

山桐子(Idesia polycarpa Maxim.)属大风子科(Flacourtiaceae)山桐子属(Idesia Maxim.)植物,主要分布于我国长江流域、华北和西北南部的17个省区。另外,朝鲜、日本的南部也有分布1]。山桐子树干通直,树形美观,生长迅速,适应性强,材质优良,3年生实生苗木即可挂果,是我国南方主要城市园林绿化和用材树种之一.研究发现,山桐子果实含油率及油中不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,而不饱和脂肪酸中尤以亚油酸含量最高2-3].

Variation Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in Natural Population of Idesia polycarpa

Idesia polycarpa is an important woody oil and biomass energy tree species in China, the development of germplasm resources and research of genetic variation on I. polycarpa are of great significance. The phenotypic traits were investigated and determined, and variation among and within populations were analyzed on nine natural groups in the distribution zone of I. polycarpa. The results indicated that there were significant differences in age, growth and yield traits of I. polycarpa from different population, especially in yield. There were rich variations in fifteen phenotypic traits including leaf length. These variation appeared among and within populations, and with similar contribution rate (31.99% and 30.82%). The variation of fruit traits were much more obvious in phenotypes, and the variation coefficients such as number of fruits per grain, which were closely related to yield, were up to 38%. The rich genetic variation of I. polycarpa provides many advantages for the development and utilization of germplasm resources, selecting and breeding.