晋西黄土区不同森林群落类型植物多样性研究

为了揭示晋西黄土区不同森林群落类型对生物多样性的保持作用,对晋西黄土区人工油松林、人工刺槐林及天然次生林林下植物组成及土壤化学性质进行了调查研究,并对3种林分进行对比分析,研究晋西黄土区不同森林群落类型林下植物多样性特征。结果表明:1)研究区内共出现40个植物种,灌木6种,草本34种。3种森林群落类型林下植物种数为人工刺槐林＞人工油松林＞天然次生林;2)3种森林群落类型林下物种丰富度指数(Margalef指数)、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和物种均匀度指数(Pielou指数)表现为草本层＞灌木层,人工林＞天然林。人工刺槐林林下Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数小于人工油松林,而Simpson指数和Pielou指数大于人工油松林;3)与2006年相比,2012年研究区内植被种类增加,人工林内植物种的增加要比天然次生林内明显;4)3种森林群落类型林下Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数与土壤化学性质的关联大小为土壤养分＞有机质＞pH值。 

Plant diversity in various forest community types in the Loess Plateau of western Shanxi Province,northern China.

We investigated the plant diversity and soil chemical properties of Pinus tabuliformis plantation, Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and natural secondary forest, and compared these three types of forest stands in order to reveal the plant diversity characteristics in different types of forest community. The results showed that:1) there were 40 plant species in the study area, which were composed of 6 shrubs and 34 herbaceous species. The number of species in the three types of forest community was ranked as R. pseudoacacia plantation>P. tabuliformis plantation>natural secondary forest. 2) The species richness index, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and species evenness index in the three communities were all higher in the herbaceous layer than in the shrub layer, and higher in the plantations than in the natural forest. The species richness index and Shannon-Wiener index in P. tabuliformis plantation were both higher than those in R. pseudoacacia plantation; however, it was opposite for Simpson index and species evenness index, i. e. , they were both higher in R. pseudoacacia plantation. 3 ) Compared with year 2006 , the number of understory plant species in the study area increased in 2012 . Such increase in the plantations was more obvious than that in natural secondary forest. 4 ) In the three types of forest community, the degree of correlation between soil chemical properties and species richness index, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and species evenness index was ranked as soil nutrient > organic matter > pH value.