城市生活垃圾对石灰性褐土养分及油菜生长的影响

利用油菜盆栽试验研究了不同用量垃圾对石灰性生土和熟土全量养分、速效养分和油菜产量的影响。结果表明:随着垃圾施用量的增加,生土和熟土有机质和全氮、全磷、全钾含量都有增加的趋势,各处理与对照相比,全氮和全磷含量的差异性显著,而有机质和全钾含量的差异性不显著;随着垃圾施用量的增加,生土和熟土速效N、P、K含量都增加,且显著高于对照。施用垃圾的处理,油菜的干重和鲜重在生土和熟土上都高于对照,且提高了油菜中养分含量,特别是氮、磷元素的含量显著增加,对油菜生长具有良好的促进作用。这说明垃圾可以作为肥料资源将其农用,合理施用不仅可以提供给植物生长所需养分,提高产量,而且具有培肥改土的效果。

Effects of Municipal Garbage on the Nutrients in Calcareous Immature and Mellow Soils and the Rape Growth

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different municipal garbage application rates on the contents of soil OM,total nutrients,and available nutrients in both calcareous immature soil and mellow soil and on the growth of rape.The results showed that: the contents of OM and total nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium increased as the amount of municipal garbage application increased.The contents of soil total nitrogen and phosphorus in treatments applied with municipal garbage were significantly higher than in CK,but the contents of soil OM and total potassium were not.The soil available N,P,and K in treatments with different municipal garbage application rates were significantly higher than that in CK in both immature and mellow soils.The dry weight and fresh weight of rape in treatments with municipal garbage were also higher than that in CK,and application of municipal garbage improved the contents of nutrients in rape,especially increased obviously the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus and it was good for the growth of rape.Therefore,municipal garbage can become a fertilizer resource,and not only offers nutrients to the growth of rape and increases the output,but also can enrich and improve the soils.