梨栽培品种SSR鉴定及遗传多样性

应用SSR技术对梨41个栽培品种进行遗传多样性分析, 12对SSR引物扩增出114个等位基因, 平均每个位点915个。位点杂合度在0.1517～0.7079之间, 遗传多样性指数为0.4630。用两对引物(BGT23b和CHO2D11) 即可区分除芽变品种之外的全部供试品种。系统聚类分析将41个梨品种分为2大类, 即西洋梨和东方梨。原产中国的秋子梨、白梨和部分砂梨品种归类相互交错; 库尔勒香梨和其他新疆梨聚在一起; 我国砂梨品种宝珠梨、德胜香, 日本砂梨品种新世纪、丰水以及韩国砂梨品种黄金梨聚在一起。秋白与蜜梨, 南果梨与满园香、秋子、八里香相似系数高, 分别属于同一品种群。金花梨与金川雪、苍溪雪起源演化相关。

SSR Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Pear Cultivars

Genetic diversity of 41 pear cultivars was analyzed by using SSR markers. Twelve SSR markers amp lified 114 alleles, with an average of 915 alleles per locus. Locus heterozygosity was 0.1517-0.7079, and the genetic diversity index was 014630. Two pairs of p rimer (BGT23b and CHO2D11) coulddistinguish all of the pear cultivars except the mutant cultivars. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the cultivars could be classified into two groups, the occidental pear and oriental pear. Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. , P. ussuriensis Maxim. , and some P. pyrifolia (Burm. f. ) Nakai cultivars originated in Chinainterveined each other; Kuerlexiang and other P. sinkiangensis Yüvarieties could be clustered together. Chinese P. py rifolia Baozhu and Deshengxiang, Japanese P. pyrifolia Shinseiki and Housui, Korean P. py rifolia Whangkeumbae were clustered together in the dendrogram. The coefficient between Qiubai andMiliwas high,and they belonged to the same population, so as Nanguo, Manyuanxiang, Qiuzi and Balixiang. Jinhua originated correlatively with J inchuanxue and Cangxixue.