EMS诱变剂处理对苦荞种子萌发及主要农艺性状的影响

为探究不同甲基磺酸乙酯(ethyl methane sulfonate,EMS)浓度对苦荞种子生长发育的影响,加快苦荞品种改良的进程。本研究以‘川荞1号’、‘川荞2号’和‘川荞3号’3个品种作为试验材料,使用EMS对苦荞种子进行诱变。分别设置不同浓度梯度的EMS(0.4%,0.8%,1.2%,1.6%)处理苦荞种子,相应设置空白对照组。每个处理进行5次重复,室内调查萌发指标以及移栽后观察记录诱变植株的田间相关性状。结果显示:EMS除了对苦荞茎粗有一定的促进以外,随EMS浓度的增加,苦荞各品种全生育期延长。EMS对苦荞发芽率、根长、芽长、种苗鲜重、田间成苗率、株高以及产量方面影响显著,随着处理浓度的增加,各个指标呈递减趋势。说明EMS对苦荞植株的生长发育有明显的抑制效果。结合苦荞种子萌发相关性状、田间生长发育以及产量等方面考虑,综合得出EMS诱导苦荞适宜浓度为0.8%~1.2%。本研究为苦荞EMS诱变提供诱变时间和适宜浓度的参考。

Effects of EMS Mutagenesis Inducing Treatment on Seed Germination and Main Agronomic Traits of Tartary Buckwheat

To explore the effects of different EMS concentrations on the growth and development of tartary buckwheat seeds and to accelerate the improvement of tartary buckwheat varieties.Three tartary buckwheat varieties of’Chuan-qiao 1’,’Chuan-qiao 2’and’Chuan-qiao 3’were used as experimental materials in this study,and the seeds of tartary buckwheat were mutated by EMS.The seeds of tartary buckwheat were treated by EMS with different concentration gradients(0.4%,0.8%,1.2%,1.6%),and a blank control group was settled.Each process is repeated five times.The germination indexes were investigated in laboratory and the field-related characters of mutagenized plants were observed and recorded after transplanting.The results showed that in addition to promoting the stem diameter of tartary buckwheat,the whole growth period of tartary buckwheat varieties was prolonged with the increase of EMS concentration.EMS had significant effects on germination rate,root length,shoot length,seedling fresh weight,field seedling rate,plant height and yield of tartary buckwheat.With the increase of treatment concentration,the indexes showed a decreasing trend.The results showed that EMS inhibited the growth and development of tartary buckwheat obviously.According to the traits related to seed germination,field growth and yield of tartary buckwheat,it was concluded that the appropriate concentration of Tartary buckwheat induced by EMS was0.8%~1.2%.The results of this study provide a reference for the establishment of mutant library and the innovative utilization of germplasm resources of Tartary buckwheat.