基于KASP标记的贵州禾群体遗传多样性与结构分析

贵州禾是贵州省特有的一种原生态水稻(Oryza sativa L.),目前对其历史形成过程尚不清楚。因此,本研究选择了121份贵州禾资源和其他地区194份水稻品种,利用120个KASP标记对其遗传多样性和群体结构进行了研究。遗传多样性研究结果表明,贵州禾遗传多样性较为丰富,具有较多的多态性位点数和观测等位基因数。遗传距离结果表明贵州禾与贵州地方粳稻遗传距离最小为0.0197,遗传一致度最高为0.9805;贵州禾与江苏地方粳稻遗传距离和遗传一致度分别为0.0276,0.9727次之。群体结构分析表明当K=3时,90%的贵州禾群体单独聚为一类,而且绝大多数属于粳稻,主要与江苏地方粳稻和贵州地方粳稻聚为一大类。本研究表明贵州禾区别于其他地方粳稻,具有独特的遗传结构,与贵州及江苏地方粳稻的亲缘关系更为密切。本研究结果对了解贵州禾的群体结构及与其他地区水稻品种的亲缘关系,以及探讨贵州禾起源提供一定的理论指导。

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Study of Guizhou He Based on KASP Marker

Guizhou He is a special kind of original ecological rice(Oryza sativa L.)landraces of Guizhou Province.However,its historical formation process is still unclear.In view of this,we selected 121 Guizhou He and 194 other rice varieties,and used 120 KASP(Kompetitive allele-specific PCR)marker data to study its genetic diversity and population structure.The results of this study showed that the number of alleles observed in Guizhou He was high and the genetic diversity was rich.The genetic distance between Guizhou He and Guizhou japonica landraces was the minimum of 0.0197.The highest genetic uniformity was 0.9805,followed by Jiangsu japonica landraces with 0.0276 and 0.9727,respectively.The analysis of population structure showed that when the optimal subgroup number was 3,90%of Guizhou He were grouped into one category,and the vast majority belongs to japonica,with Jiangsu japonica and Guizhou japonica.This study showed that Guizhou He had a relatively independent genetic structure,which was different from the genetic structure of other japonica,and had a closer genetic relationship with Guizhou and Jiangsu japonica.This project studied the population structure of Guizhou He and its relationship with rice varieties in other regions,which is useful for exploring Guizhou He's origin and evolution.