水稻种质资源抗稻瘟病及其恢保特性评价

 抗病种质资源的发掘、研究与利用是水稻抗稻瘟病育种的重要基础。本文对97份水稻种质资源对稻瘟病的抗性、主要农艺性状、恢、保特性进行了系统的研究和评价。结果表明，97份水稻种质资源高抗至中抗稻瘟病，它们的主要农艺性状有很大差异，例如，播种至抽穗期99～132 d，株高89.6～149.2 cm，单株有效穗4.0～13.1穗，千粒重18.50～42.50 g，穗着粒数97～268粒，结实率45.83%～93.90%，单株粒重15.28～32.58 g，表明这97份种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。其中，37份种质资源对三系不育系具有恢复性，9份种质资源对三系不育系具有保持性。这些种质资源对选育新的抗病恢复系和抗病不育系以及高产抗病杂交稻新组合具有重要利用价值。

Evaluation of Blast Resistance and Restoring or Remaining Characteristics of Rice Germplasm Resources

Screening and utilization of rice blast resistant germplasm resources are the important foundation for breeding resistance varieties. The blast resistance and main agronomic traits and restoring or remaining characteristics of 97 rice germplasm resources were evaluated systematically. The results showed that these 97 rice germplasm resources had high or middle resistance to blast and their main agronomic traits were significantly different with the period of 99-132 d from sowing to heading,89.6-149.2 cm in plant height,4.0-13.1 effective panicles per plant, 18.50-42.50 g per 1000-grain weight, 97-268 spikelets per panicle, 45.83%-93.90% of seed setting percentage, 15.28-32.58 g grain yield per plant. This indicated that they had highly genetic diversity. Among them, 37 germplasm resources had restoring character to male-infertile lines and 9 germplasm resources had maintaining character to male-infertile lines. It had an important value for breeding new restorer lines resistant to blast and new male-infertile lines resistant to blast and new high-yield hybrid rice combinations resistant to blast.