Nutritive values of low and high fibre canola meals for shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) |
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| Authors: | C Lim R M Beames J G Eales A F Prendergast J M McLeese K D Shearer & D A Higgs |
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| Institution: | USDA - ARS, Fish Diseases and Parasites Research Laboratory, Auburn, AL, USA,;Department of Animal Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada,;Department of Zoology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,;Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Utilization Research Division, Seattle, WA, USA,;Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Science Branch, Pacific Region, West Vancouver Laboratory, West Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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| Abstract: | This study was undertaken to determine acceptable dietary concentrations of high-fibre canola meal (CMHF) and low-fibre canola meal (CMLF) for juvenile shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. Four groups of 0.78 g shrimp held in running, 24.0–27.8°C sea water on a 12 h light: 12 h dark cycle were each fed one of seven isonitrogenous (340 g kg?1 protein) and isoenergetic (18.5 MJ of gross energy kg?1) diets to satiation four times daily for 56 days. Each of the test canola protein products comprised either 150, 300 or 450 g kg?1 of the protein in a basal (practical) diet by replacement of one-third, two-thirds or all of the menhaden meal protein. Shrimp that ingested diets in which CMHF and CMLF comprised 450 and 300 g kg?1 of the protein, respectively, exhibited significant reductions in growth and feed intake relative to those fed the basal diet. Feed and protein utilization were not significantly depressed unless menhaden meal in the basal diet was completely replaced by CMHF or CMLF. In general, percentage survival and final whole-body levels of protein, minerals, and thyroid hormones were not significantly affected by dietary treatment. Terminal whole-body levels of moisture were raised significantly in shrimp fed diets containing the highest levels of CMHF and CMLF. Potassium levels were significantly higher in shrimp fed the diet containing the lowest level of CMLF relative to those fed the basal diet and the diet with the highest level of CMLF. Water stability of the diet pellets was negatively correlated with their levels of CMHF and CMLF. It is concluded that commercial high-fibre canola meal can constitute 300 g kg?1 of the dietary protein of juvenile shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) without compromising growth, feed intake and feed and protein utilization. However, because of a trend towards reduced shrimp survival at this dietary concentration of canola meal, it is recommended that this protein source not exceed 150 g kg?1 of the protein in practical juvenile shrimp diets. Fibre-reduced canola meal did not have improved nutritive value for shrimp. However, we postulate that one or more fibre-reduced, and solvent-extracted canola protein products may be cost-effective substitutes for fish meal protein. |
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| Keywords: | canola meal marine shrimp nutritional value |
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