精量滴灌对覆膜玉米植株性状和产量的影响

在吉林省通榆灌溉试验重点站选取3个地块(10个小区)进行玉米膜下低压精量滴灌试验,研究低压精量滴灌对吉林省自然条件下覆膜玉米株高、叶面积、产量及水分利用效率的影响。研究结果表明,在株高方面,低压精量灌溉和常规灌溉下的变化规律大致相同,均表现为前期快速增长、拔节期后缓慢增长、灌浆后期基本稳定。在叶面积方面,其动态变化均呈单峰型曲线;在产量方面,低压精量滴灌增产幅度达到4%以上;在水分利用率方面,低压精量滴灌下玉米的水分利用率相对较高。

Effects of Precision Drip Irrigation on Plant Phenotype, Grain Yield of Mulched Maize

At tongyu key station of irrigation test in Jilin province, the effects of low-pressure precision drip irrigation on plant phenotype and grain yield of mulched maize were studied. In the experiment, four treatments were set, including pression drip irrigation at three kinds of pressure 0.04 MPa(P1), 0.06 MPa(P2), and 0.1 MPa(P3) and control conventional drip irrigation at 0.1 MPa pressure(P4). Each of P1, P2, and P3 had three repetitions, while P4 set one repletion only. Plant height, leaf area, grain yield, and water use efficiency were investigated. The three kinds of low-pressure precision drip irrigation and conventional drip irrigation have similar effects on plant height and leaf area. Plant height were characterized by rapid growing in the early stage, slow growing around jointing stage, and no growing at late filling stage. Leaf area only peaked at tasseling stage. In addition, under three kinds of low-pressure precision drip conditions, grain yield increased more than 4% and water use efficiency was also relatively higher when compared with those under conventional drip irrigation condition.