不同形态日粮对合浦鹅生长性能及养分消化率的影响

本研究的目的是观察不同日粮形态对合浦鹅生长性能及养分利用的影响.将72羽28日龄的合浦鹅随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复8羽(公母各1/2).A组饲喂基础精料+蟛蜞菊鲜草;B组饲喂基础精料+蟛蜞菊草粉混合的粉料;C组饲喂基础精料+蟛蜞菊草粉混合后制成的颗粒料.A组前期(28～48 d)日粮精料和蟛蜞菊鲜草的比例为1:2(风干:新鲜),后期(49～69 d)为1:3;B和C日粮组中蟛蜞菊草粉用量则参照A组鲜草的风干物质含量和比例的折算结果等量添加,同时用4 mol/L HCI AIA方法测定合浦鹅对日粮的养分消化率.试验期为42 d.结果表明:日粮B和日粮C在试验的第一阶段能显著提高试验鹅的采食量,但在整个试验期间3种日粮的采食量并没有明显差异(P>0.05).A、B和C组试验鹅全期日均精料采食量分别为208.38、207.22和205.73 g;平均日增重为56.07、62.42和63.44 g;料重比为3.72、3.32和3.24;3组日粮之间的日均精料采食量无显著差异(P>0.05),但B和C组的平均日增重和料重比显著优于A组(P<0.05),而B和C组间没有显著差异(P>0.05).3组日粮的养分消化率除了前期的干物质、粗蛋白质和P以及后期的粗蛋白质、Ca和P的消化率相近以外,B和C组日粮的能量、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和半纤维素的消化率在两期的试验中均显著优于A组(P<0.05).此外,B和C组试验鹅的屠宰率和腹脂率也显著高于A组(P<0.05).可见,用草粉构成的B或C组的日粮形态饲用效果明显优于A组,故在生产上宜将鲜草加工成草粉后使用.

Effects of Different Diet Forms on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Hepu Geese

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different diet forms on growth performance and nutrient utilization of Hepu geese. Seventy-two Hepu geese at age of 28 d were randomly blocked into 3 diet groups (3 replicates per group and 8 geese per replicate, half male and half female). Diet A was composed of concentrate + fresh Wedelia chinensisi diet B was mash feed composed of concentrate + Wedelia chinensis powder; diet C was pelletized feed composed of concentrate + Wedelia chinensis powder. The weight ratio of concentrate and Wedelia chinensis in diet A was 1 : 2 (air-dry : fresh) in the first period (28～48 d) and 1 : 3 in the second period (49～69 d). The amount of Wedelia chinensis powder used in diets B and C was equal to the air-dry matter content of fresh Wedelia chinensis in diet A. The method of 4 mol/L HC1 AIA was used for the determination of nutrient digestibility in geese. The experiment lasted for 42 d. Results showed that the average daily concentrate intake (ADCI) was increased in the first period but no difference was found in whole period (P> 0. 05). The ADCI of geese in 3 diets in whole period was 208. 38, 207. 22 and 205. 73 g, respectively; average daily gain (ADG) was 56. 07, 62. 42 and 63. 44 g, respectively; F/G was 4. 28, 3. 32 and 3. 24, respectively. No significant difference was found on ADCI among 3 diets (P>0. 05), however, the ADG and F/G in diets B and C were significantly better than those in diet A (P<0. 05), but no significant difference occurred between diets B and C (P>0. 05). The digestibility of energy, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose in diets B and C were significantly better than those indiet A (P<0. 05) just except that dry matter, crude protein and P in first period and crude protein, Ca and P in second period, which were not different among 3 diets (P>0. 05); diets B and C also had better dressing percentage and percentage of abdominal fat than diet A (P<0. 05). Therefore, the feeding efficiency of diets B and C was much better than that of diet A, so the better way to use Wedelia chinensis for geese feeding should be to dry fresh Wedelia chinensis and make it into powder.