Effects of different dietary wheat starch levels on growth, feed efficiency and digestibility in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) |
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Authors: | Li Xia Tian Yong Jian Liu Hui Jun Yang Gui Ying Liang Jin Niu |
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Institution: | (1) Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People’s Republic of China;(2) South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, People’s Republic of China; |
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Abstract: | An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary wheat starch on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in terms of growth performance, feed efficiency and digestibility. Five isoproteic (23.5%) and isolipidic (5.7%) diets with
five supplemented levels of wheat starch (D20, D26, D33, D40 and D47 with 20, 26, 33, 40 and 47%, respectively) were fed to
triplicate groups of grass carp (mean initial wet weight 6.9 ± 0.1 g) for 8 weeks. Results showed that weight gain (WG, %),
feed efficiency (FE, %) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in D20, D26 and D33 treatments were significantly higher than those
in D40 and D47 treatments (P < 0.05). Digestibility of carbohydrate and protein was significantly higher in D20, D26 and D33. No significant differences
were found in serum glucose and triglyceride contents between treatments. Serum lipase activity of fish fed D40 and D47 was
significantly higher than that of fish fed other diets. Whole-body, muscle and liver lipid contents increased with dietary
starch level as did mesenteric fat index, hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index. In conclusion, when dietary protein
level was 23%, the level of dietary wheat starch should maximum be 33% to support normal growth of grass carp. Fish growth
was hampered by higher wheat starch (>33%) despite fish ate increasing levels of dietary digestible energy. Furthermore, excess
digestible carbohydrate was to some extent converted to lipid that was deposited in various tissues. Most importantly, grass
carp could endure high levels of cellulose without any negative effect on growth and digestibilities of dietary protein and
carbohydrate. |
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