岩羊和马鹿对人与机动车反应的差异分析

人为干扰会对野生动物种间关系、个体适合度、群落结构和繁殖成功率等产生中长期的影响。因此,研究野生动物反干扰行为对于我们认识该物种对其生境的行为适应和进化机制具有重要意义。2017年11—12月在内蒙古贺兰山国家级自然保护区内通过建立多元逻辑斯蒂回归模型研究了岩羊(Pseudois nayaur)、马鹿(Cervus elaphus)的反干扰策略,本研究共设置33条样线,记录了10种在人为干扰下可能会影响岩羊、马鹿反应行为的变量,经模型分析发现影响岩羊反应行为的变量有5种,影响马鹿反应行为的变量有4种,共同影响因子分别是干扰源、性别、头的朝向和地形特征,而植被类型则只对岩羊产生影响。最后根据逻辑模型得出的数据计算发生比,从而了解各个分类变量与反应行为的关系。

Analysis of the Differences Between the Response of Blue Sheep(Pseudois nayaur)and Red Deer(Cervus elaphus)to Humans and Motor Vehicles

Human disturbance can have a medium and long-term impact on interspecific relationships,individual fitness,community structure,and reproductive success rate of wild animals.Study of the avoidance behaviors of wild animals is important to better understanding of the behavioral adaptations and evolution mechanism of a species to its habitat.From November to December,2017,we studied the avoidance strategies of blue sheep(Pseudois nayaur)and red deer(Cervus elaphus)in the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia.We developed a multivariate logistic regression model for data analyses.We sampled 33 survey transects and recorded 10 variables that might affect the reaction behavior of blue sheep and red deer to human disturbance.According to the model analysis,five variables affected the reaction behaviors of blue sheep,and 4 variables affected the reaction behaviors of red deer.The common influencing factors were disturbance source,gender,head direction and topographical features,while vegetation type only affected blue sheep.Based on the data obtained from the logical model,we calculated ratios of occurrence to understand the relationship between each categorical variable and the reaction behavior.