生物炭对干旱胁迫下蓝盆花生长及根际土壤真菌丰度的影响

以蓝盆花为试材,在土壤中分别施入浓度为0、10、20、30、40 g·kg^-1的玉米秸秆生物炭,研究了玉米秸秆生物炭施用对干旱胁迫下蓝盆花生长及根际土壤真菌丰度的影响,以期为利用生物炭缓解干旱胁迫对园林植物的生长提供科学依据。结果表明:干旱胁迫下,T2处理下蓝盆花的株高、茎粗、根数和根鲜质量均显著高于CK,其中在处理20 d后,分别比对照高26.23%、17.79%、26.67%和13.93%,T1和T3处理下蓝盆花的株高、茎粗、根数与对照差异不显著,T4处理下蓝盆花的各形态指标均显著低于对照。生物炭处理后还提高了干旱胁迫下土壤真菌丰度,随着生物炭含量的升高,土壤中子囊菌门、担子菌门、接合菌门、壶菌门和球囊菌门,以及子囊菌门未分类或未识别科、毛壳菌科、小子囊菌科、毛球壳科、丛赤壳科、小疱毛科、假球壳科以及担子菌门蘑菇科、接合菌门被孢霉科和半知菌亚门掷孢酵母科,所占群落比例均呈抛物线状变化,T2处理下,上述真菌在门和科分类水平所占群落的比例最大。在干旱胁迫下子囊菌门小子囊菌科、毛壳菌科、毛球壳科、接合菌门被孢霉科在促进蓝盆花生长方面的作用较为显著。土壤中施入浓度为20 g·kg^-1生物炭最能缓解干旱胁迫对蓝盆花生长产生的影响。

Effects of Biochar on Growth of Blue Potted Flowers and Fungal Abundance of Rhizosphere Soil Under Drought Stress

Blue potted flowers was used as experimental.The corn stalk biochar was applied to the soil by 0,10,20,30,40 g·kg^-1.The effects of the corn stalk biochar on the growth of blue potted flower and fungal abundance in the rhizosphere soil were studied,in order to provide some scientific basis for garden plant to use biochar relieving drougt stress.The results showed that with the increase of drought stress,plant height,stem diameter,root coefficient and root weight of T2 were significantly higher than those of CK,after 20 days of treatment,which were 26.23%,17.79%,26.67%and 13.93%higher than those of CK.The morphological indexes of blue potted flowers under T1 and T3 treatments were not significant with CK.Under T4 treatment,the plant height,stem diameter,root coefficient and root weight of blue potted flowers were significantly lower than those of CK.At the same time,biochar treatment of soil increased the abundance of soil fungi under drought stress.With the increase of biochar content,in the classification of soil,the Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Zygomycota,Chytridiomycotaand Glomeromycota,as well as the classification of the genus Ascomycete,unclassified or unidentified,Chaetomiaceae,Microascaceae,Lasiosphaeriaceae,Nectriaceae,Herpotrichiellaceae,Pleosporaceae,Agaricaceae,Mortierellaceae and Sporormiaceae,the proportion of the community of the genus Basidaceae,which have a parabolic change.Under drought stress,the role of Ascomycetes,Capreolaceae,Trichosanthes,and Mycobacterium sphaeroides in promoting the growth of blue potted flowers was significant.The effect of drought stress on the growth of blue potted peanut was most alleviated by applying 20 g·kg^-1 biochar in soil.