苹果果实套袋后真菌种群结构的变化

为探讨苹果套袋后果实在袋内微域环境下不同生长期和不同部位真菌种群结构变化及其对果实安全性的影响,以红富士苹果为试材,利用选择性培养基,对套袋苹果袋内真菌进行了分离、鉴定和分类,分析了套袋和不套袋果实不同生长期、不同部位真菌种群的变化。结果表明,在红富士苹果套袋微域环境下,不同部位、不同时期的主要真菌是链格孢霉(Alternaria),且在套袋后的整个生长季一直存在,7月后的不同时期,分别分离出青霉(Penicilli-um)、木霉(Trichoderma)和曲霉(Aspergillus);不同部位真菌种群结构有差异,除链格孢霉外,非皮孔处其他真菌的出现均要早于皮孔处;不同时期真菌种群结构,青霉和木霉在不同部位分离出的时间有异,且持续存在时间也不一致,曲霉仅在非皮孔部位于摘袋后分离出。与不套袋果相比,套袋后真菌的种类仅多了曲霉,而且没有表现出致病能力。因此认为,套袋后微域环境下产生的真菌类群对果实的安全性没有直接影响。

Research on the changes of the fungus community structure on the apple fruit under bagging culture

In order to investigate the changes of the fungus community structure on the apple fruit surface developing in the micro-environmental conditions of bagging culture Red Fuji apple was used as material for studying.The fungus communities were investigated and identified.Results indicated that Alternaria was the main genus at different developing stages;while after July Penicillium,Trichoderma and Aspergillus were appeared,besides Arternaria,they at first appeared on the fruit surface where without lenticel,t...