浙江省38种园林绿化植物对氟化氢气体的抗性及吸收能力

为充分发挥城市绿地吸收有害气体的生态功能，采用人工熏气法，对浙江省38种园林绿化植物对氟化氢气体的抗性及吸收能力进行了研究．通过系统聚类分析方法，将参试植物的抗性及吸收能力划分为弱、较弱、中等、较强和强等5个等级。结果显示，38种植物对氟化氢的抗性差异较大，抗性最强的熏气持续时间为9h（麦冬Ophiopogon japonicus），抗性最弱的仅2h（枫香Liquidambar formosana等）；参试的落叶植物中弱和较弱抗性物种占87．50％，而常绿植物在弱至较强各等级的分布较均匀，表现出比落叶植物的抗性更强。植物对氟化氢气体的吸收能力差异非常显著，部分植物具有十分惊人的吸收能力。大叶榉Zelkova serrata的绝对吸收能力最强，达13．66g·kg^-1，是最小吸收能力植物湿地松（Pinus elliottii，117．06mg·kg^-1）的116．65倍；落叶植物中吸收能力中等的所占比例最大，为37．5％。常绿植物则由弱到强吸收能力等级呈现出逐渐递减趋势。试验各植物对氟化氢抗性与吸收能力线性相关不显著。

Resistance to and absorption of gaseous HF with 38 landscaping plant species in Zhejiang Province

To enhance absorption of air pollution within city landscapes, resistance and absorption of 38 important landscaping plant species in Zhejiang Province were measured after subjection to gaseous hydrogen fluoride （HF） fumigation. A linear correlation analysis was conducted between resistance and absorption, and then these parameters were divided into 5 levels from strong （5） to weak （1） for a cluster analysis. Results showed plants with a range of resistances to F from the strongest with Ophiopogon japonicus, which resisted 9 h of fumigation to the weakest with Liquidambarformosana, which resisted only 2 h. For deciduous plants the weakest resistance levels （1 and 2） were found in 87.50% of the specimens, whereas evergreen plants were spread fairly evenly in levels 1 to 4. Absorption of plants ranged widely with the greatest in Zelkova serrata having 13.66 g·kg^-1 HF; this was 116.65 times more than Pinus elliottii, which had the least absorption with 117.06 mg·kg^-1 HF. For deciduous plants, 37.5% of the specimens were found in absorption level 3 with decreasing amounts in the stronger and weaker levels; whereas with evergreen plants, the percentage of specimens continually decreased from the weakest to the strongest levels. Also, there was no significant linear correlation between resistance and absorption of plants.