黄土高原旱地苹果园生草对土壤贮水的影响

通过田间定位观测,研究了生草对黄土高原旱地苹果园0～100 cm土层土壤贮水的影响.结果表明:生草能提高0～60 cm土层土壤贮水能力,扩大土壤贮水库容;生草种类及年限不同,土壤贮水特征存在差异;在苹果生长期,生草对土壤贮水增减量产生影响,其影响主要发生在春季与秋季;不同降水年型生草对果园土壤贮水量影响差异较大,丰水年种植白三叶能提高土壤贮水量,欠水年生草会加剧干旱对果树的影响.

Effects of Growing Different Herbages on Soil Water-Holding of a Non-irrigated Apple Orchard in the Weibei Area of the Loess Plateau

By soil moisture measurement in the field,we studied the effects of growing herbages on soil water-holding of a non-irrigated apple orchard within 100 cm soil layer,in the Weibei area of the Loess Plateau.The results show that growing herbages in the non-irrigated apple orchard increased the soil water-holding capacity within 60 cm soil layer.The feature of waterholding capacity was different with the variant lasting years of the growing herbages.During the apple growing period,the increase and reduction of soil water storage of the orchard was impacted,mainly in spring and autumn,by the growing herbages.With different types of yearly rainfall,the soil water storage differed greatly.In a year of abundant rain,soil water storage of the orchard that planted white clover increased,while in a drought year,growing herbages in the orchard reduced the soil water storage which became lower than CK and accentuated the effect of aridity to the apple growth.