花生壳生物炭用量对猪粪堆肥温室气体和NH3排放的影响

为研究不同花生壳生物炭添加比例对猪粪堆肥过程中温室气体和NH3排放的影响。利用强制通风静态堆肥技术,研究0(对照)、3%、6%和9%花生壳生物炭添加比例(质量比)对猪粪堆肥过程CO_2、CH_4、N_2O和NH_3排放和堆肥性质的影响。结果表明:添加生物炭能够延长堆肥高温期持续天数,使pH提高0.09～0.13个单位,EC提高11.7%～50.6%;各堆肥处理CO_2、CH_4和N_2O排放速率均随发酵时间的延长呈先升高后降低的趋势,且CO_2、CH_4和N_2O排放速率均与pH具有显著的相关性;随生物炭用量的增加,猪粪堆肥过程中CO_2排放速率表现为先升高后降低的变化趋势,其中以3%生物炭添加比例处理最高,其平均CO_2排放速率比对照增加12.9%;N_2O排放和NH_3挥发均以9%生物炭添加比例处理最低,分别比对照降低12.5%和29.9%。综上,在整个堆肥过程中,花生壳生物炭的添加降低了N_2O和CH_4的累积排放量,且随花生壳生物炭添加比例的增加,温室气体减排效应增大。

Effects of peanut shell biochar on greenhouse gas and NH3 emissions during swine manure composting

The effects of different peanut shell biochar addition ratio on greenhouse gas and NH₃ emissions during swine manure composting were investigated to provide scientific basis for nitrogen conservation and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. In this study, an experiment with peanut shell biochar addition rates of 0, 3%, 6% and 9% was conducted to study greenhouse gas(GHG)and NH₃ emission and its correlation with environmental factors during swine manure composting using static forced-air composting boxes. The results showed that peanut shell biochar addition increased the high temperature duration of swine manure composting, the pH of composts increased by 0. 09-0. 13 units, and the EC increased by 11. 7%-50. 6%. The CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O emission rates increased first and then decreased with the increase of the composting time, and had a significant correlation with pH. With the increase of peanut shell biochar addition, the CO₂ emission rate during swine manure composting first increased and then decreased. The average CO₂ emission rate of 3% peanut shell biochar treatment was the highest, and increased by 12. 9% than that of control. Both N₂O emission and NH₃ volatilization of 9% peanut shell biochar treatment were the lowest, which decreased by 12. 5% and 29. 9%, respectively. In conclusion, during the entire composting process, the addition of peanut shell biochar reduced the cumulative emissions of N₂O and CH₄. The emission reduction effect increased with the increase of the peanut shell biochar.