我国防沙治沙科研的突破口初探-以河西走廊沙区为例

河西走廊的防沙治沙科研在我国广大沙区具有代表性。河西走廊防沙治沙科研存在的主要问题是 :⑴宏观战略研究薄弱 ,研究缺乏系统性。主要表现在 :治沙措施散件得不到优化组合 ,其功能得不到充分发挥 ;研究客体之间互相割裂 ,缺乏从总体上控制沙漠化的研究 ;农业开发与生态资源保护的结合点问题没有解决 ;研究课题重复。⑵散件成果多属定性结论 ,缺乏操作性。运用系统科学的思想方法是治沙科技发展的突破口 :只有运用系统科学的思想方法才能科学处理生态资源保护、生态环境建设和资源开发利用三方面的关系 ,才能实现各种防沙治沙措施的优化配置 ,才能实现治理结果的持续稳定。运用现代数学方法建立沙区生态环境综合治理数学模型才能科学处理多系统的复杂关系。现代数学方法是系统科学的主要方法。运用系统科学的思想方法和现代数学方法是治沙科技发展必须达到的 ,是治沙科技发展的突破口。

Preliminary Discussion on the Creative Approach of the Scientific Research on the Sand Drift Prevention and Control in China-A Case Study in the Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province

The scientific research on sand drift prevention and control in the Hexi Corridor has representative in the vast desert regions of China. The existing problems in the scientific research on sand drift prevention and control in the Hexi Corridor are mainly as follows: (1) The scientific research is in lack of the macro-strategic research and systematical research. Which include that the measures of sand drift control can not be optimized and combined, and their functions can not be put into full play. The research institutions can not be assembled, and there is a lack in synthetic research on sand drift prevention and control. The solution of the contradiction between the agricultural development and the protection of ecological resources is not found yet. (2) The achievements in scientific research on sand drift prevention and control are scattered, qualitative and in lack of maneuverability. It is the creative approach of the scientific and technological development in sand drift prevention and control to apply the systematic ideas and methods. Thus, the correlation between the protection of ecological resources, regeneration of ecological environment, and the exploitation and utilization of natural resources can be regulated, the optimized combination of the various measures for preventing and controlling sand drift can be achieved, and the sand drift control results can be sustained. The complicated relations among the multiple systems can be scientifically dealt with by developing the mathematical models.