The serum neutralizing antibody response in cattle to Fusobacterium necrophorum leukotoxoid and possible protection against experimentally induced hepatic abscesses |
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Authors: | S Saginala T G Nagaraja Z L Tan K F Lechtenberg M M Chengappa P M Hine |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Animal Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA;(2) Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA;(3) Midwest Veterinary Sciences, Inc., Oakland, Nebraska, USA;(4) Mallinckrodt Veterinary, Inc., Mundelein, Illinois, USA;(5) Department of Animal Sciences, Kansas State University, Call Hall, 66506-1600 Manhattan, KS, USA |
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Abstract: | The serum antileukotoxin antibody response and protection against subsequent experimental challenge with Fusobacterium necrophorum were investigated in 30 steers vaccinated with crude F. necrophorum leukotoxoid. Culture supernatant of F. necrophorum, strain 25, containing leukotoxoid was concentrated. The steers were assigned randomly to six groups (n=5): PBS control with Stimulon adjuvant; vaccinated with concentrated supernatant diluted to provide 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, or 20.0 ml with the watersoluble Stimulon adjuvant; and 5.0 ml with the Ribi oil-emulsion adjuvant. The steers were injected subcutaneously on days 0 and 21. Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals to monitor serum antileukotoxin antibody titres. On day 42, all the steers were challenged intraportally with F. necrophorum culture. Three weeks later (day 63), the steers were killed and necropsied for examination of their livers and assessment of protection. Steers vaccinated with crude leukotoxoid tended to have higher antileukotoxin titres than the controls, but the difference was not significant. Also, the antibody titre did not appear to be dose-dependent. In the control group, 3 out of 5 steers developed liver abscesses. The incidence of liver abscesses in steers vaccinated with Stimulon adjuvant was not dose related; however, only 8 of the 25 vaccinated steers developed abscesses. None of the steers vaccinated with the 5.0 ml dose with Ribi had any abscesses. Evidence for a relationship between antileukotoxin antibody and protection was shown by the lower titre in those steers that developed abscesses compared to those that did not. It was concluded that antileukotoxin antibody titres probably provided some degree of protection against experimentally induced liver abscesses, but further dose-titration studies using Ribi or possibly another more effective adjuvant will be needed to confirm this.Abbreviations BHI
brain-heart infusion
- CFU
colony-forming units
- ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- MTT
3-4,5-(dimethylthiazol-2-yl)]-2,5-diphenyltetrazodium] bromide
- PBS
phosphate-buffered saline
- PMN
polymorphonuclear neutrophils |
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Keywords: | abscesses adjuvant antibody antileukotoxin cattle Fusobacterium necrophorum immunity leukotoxoid liver protection |
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