Effects of N fertilization on yield for low-input production in Spanish wheat landraces (Triticum turgidum L. and Triticum monococcum L.) |
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Authors: | M Ruiz E Aguiriano and J M Carrillo |
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Institution: | Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Centro de Recursos Fitogenéticos, Autovía de Aragón Km 36, Apdo. 1045, 28800-Alcaláde Henares;;Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Dpto. Biotecnología, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040-Madrid, Spain;;Corresponding author, E-mail: |
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Abstract: | A core subset of Spanish durum wheat landraces was evaluated at two nitrogen levels (80 and 220 kg/ha) to identify landrace genotypes adapted to low N production. Yield differences were statistically significant between N levels and among genotypes at both levels. Fifty-one per cent of the landraces yielded significantly more at low than at high N (low-N varieties) while 26% had a positive (high-N varieties) and 23% an indifferent (indifferent-N varieties) response to N fertilizer. No significant agromorphological differences were found among low and high-N varieties at low N level that conferred some advantage to low-N varieties. In contrast, high-N varieties possessed longer grain-filling period under high N level. Phenological characters showed an important influence on yield and on the performance of the varieties within each subgroup. The traits affecting grain yield most positively, mainly the low-N varieties, were long filling period and earliness. Five entries were selected for prebreeding to low N adaptation. |
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Keywords: | Triticum turgidum ssp durum landraces low-input nitrogen wheat yield core subset |
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