‘翠冠’梨树苗不同部位矿质元素的分布与变化

以2年生‘翠冠’梨幼树为试材,分析年生长周期内植株根、干、枝、稍、叶的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn9种矿质营养含量变化特点。结果表明:(1)N、P、K、Mg4种矿质营养元素在植物生长季节前期含量降低,中期先增后减,后期增加;(2)植株生长季节前期Ca、Mn、Zn在各器官中先降后升;中期在根、干、枝中变化很小,叶片中Ca、Mn先增后减,Zn先减后增;后期含量增加;(3)Fe和Cu含量在植株根、干中呈现出先增加至峰值而后降低的类似正态分布的变化。生长前期,枝中Fe、Cu先增后减;新梢和叶片中Fe含量升高,Cu含量降低。中期枝中Cu先增后减,Fe含量变化小;新梢和叶片中2种元素含量变化小。后期根系中Fe含量下降,其他各器官中2种元素的含量均增加。在果园年周期管理上,应该关注梨树春季营养生长开始之前树体的营养贮存,同时应该注意中期适量追肥。

Changing of Mineral Nutrition Distribution in Cuguan pear Tree

Taking two years ’ Cuiguan ’ pear tree as material,test nine elements ’ annual change of different organs of it.Analysis was made at the relationships among these elements.Results showed that：（1） at the beginning of growth,content of N,P,K and Mg declined in every organ.In the middle phase,they got more first and then less down.Finally phase,they went upward.（2） Ca,Mn and Zn increased at first.In the middle phase,they nearly had no change in roots,trunks and branches.And in leaves,Ca and Mn increased and then decreased,and Zn got the opposite trend.In the last phase,they all rose in all parts.（3） Content of Fe and Cu showed a rising to peak and slashing down similarly liked normal distribution both in roots and trunks.At the beginning,Fe and Cu in branches got lower after increased.Fe content increased,while Cu content decreased in shoots and leaves.In the middle phase,Cu went up first and then down in branches,while Fe didn ’ t get much change.Both Fe and Cu got little change in branches and leaves.In the last phase,their content increased in most of parts,except Fe in roots which declined.In the annual orchard management,it was suggested people should pay more attention to the nutrition storage before the trees ’ nutritional growth start,and moderately add supplementary fertilizer in the middle term.